Which family-based strategy is most likely to reduce positive energy balance and lower obesity risk in school-age children?

Strictly prohibiting all treats and sending children to play outside unsupervised for the majority of the day, because extreme restriction is the only effective method to reduce intake.

Relying solely on school interventions because family behaviors do not influence a child’s energy balance once they reach school age.

Replacing family meals with single high-calorie supplement drinks to control calories precisely, since packaged supplements are easier to measure than whole foods.

Parents modeling healthy eating and creating a home environment with portion-controlled meals, limited screen time, scheduled family physical activity, and readily available healthy snack alternatives; this multi-component approach addresses both intake and expenditure.