Question 1

Which of the following is the correct electronic configuration for nitrogen (atomic number 7)?

Accepted Answer

$$1s^2$$\ $$2s^2$$\ $$2p^3$$

Question 2

Which of the following molecules violates the octet rule?

Accepted Answer

BF$$_3$$

Question 3

Given a compound with 40.0% carbon, 6.7% hydrogen, and 53.3% oxygen by mass, and a molar mass of 180 g/mol, what is its molecular formula?

Accepted Answer

C$$_6H$_{12}O$_6$$

Question 4

Which of the following is the correct Lewis structure for the nitrate ion (NO$$_3^-$$)?

Accepted Answer

A central N atom double bonded to one O and single bonded to two O atoms, each with a negative charge, with resonance among the three O atoms.

Question 5

A solution is prepared by dissolving 3.65 g of HCl (molar mass = 36.5 g/mol) in enough water to make 1.00 L of solution. What is the pH of the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = 1.0$$

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the difference between a sigma ($$\sigma) $$and a pi ($$\pi) $$bond?

Accepted Answer

A $$\sigma$$ bond has electron density along the internuclear axis, while a $$\pi$$ bond has electron density above and below the axis.

Question 7

Which of the following compounds would you expect to have the highest boiling point?

Accepted Answer

CH$$_3CH$_2OH$$

Question 8

Which of the following statements about resonance structures is correct?

Accepted Answer

The true structure is a hybrid of all valid resonance forms, with delocalized electrons.

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct application of the Arrhenius definition of acids and bases?

Accepted Answer

An acid increases $$[H^+] in $$aqueous solution, a base increases $$[OH^-].$$

Question 10

Which of the following factors will increase the acidity of a molecule?

Accepted Answer

Increasing the electronegativity of atoms near the acidic hydrogen (inductive effect).

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why acetic acid (CH$$_3$$COOH) is more acidic than ethanol (CH$$_3CH$_2OH$$)?

Accepted Answer

The conjugate base of acetic acid is stabilized by resonance.

Question 12

Which of the following molecules is most likely to be soluble in water?

Accepted Answer

CH$$_3NH$_2$$

Question 13

Given a bond with a dipole moment of $$3.0\ D$$ and a bond length of $$1.0\ 	ext{\AA}$$, what is the magnitude of the charge separation in Coulombs? ($$1\ D = 3.336 	imes 10$$^{-30}$$\ C\cdot m$$, $$1\ 	ext{\AA} = 1.0 	imes 10$$^{-10}$$\ m)$$

Accepted Answer

$$1.0 	imes 10$$^{-19}$$\ C$$

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct formal charge on the central atom in the Lewis structure of SO$$_4$$^{2-}$$?

Accepted Answer

0

Question 15

Which of the following intermolecular forces is present in all molecules, regardless of polarity?

Accepted Answer

London dispersion forces

Question 16

Which of the following best describes a Lewis acid?

Accepted Answer

A substance that accepts an electron pair.

Question 17

Rank the following compounds in order of increasing boiling point: CH$$_4$$, CH$$_3Cl$$, CH$$_3OH.$$

Accepted Answer

CH$$_4$$ \u003c CH$$_3Cl$$ \u003c CH$$_3OH$$

Question 18

Which of the following statements about the effect of hybridization on acidity is correct?

Accepted Answer

A hydrogen attached to an $$sp-$$hybridized carbon is more acidic than one attached to an $$sp^3-$$hybridized carbon.

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why HF is a weaker acid than HI, even though fluorine is more electronegative?

Accepted Answer

The H–F bond is much stronger and harder to break than the H–I bond.

Question 20

Which of the following molecules can form hydrogen bonds with water?

Accepted Answer

CH$$_3NH$_2$$

Exam I Study Guide: Structure, Bonding, Acids & Bases, and Intermolecular Forces

Guida di studio - Domande di pratica

Study guide - Flashcard