Domanda del libro di testo
What is the conjugate base of each of the following acids? [The most acidic proton is indicated.]
(c)
1242
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Ch. 4 - Acids and Bases/Electron Flow
Mullins1st EditionOrganic Chemistry: A Learner Centered ApproachISBN: 9780137566471
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch. 2 - General Chemistry Translated: Finding the Electrons114
- Ch. 3 - Alkanes and Cycloalkanes: Properties and Conformational Analysis109
- Ch. 4 - Acids and Bases/Electron Flow144
- Ch. 5 - Chemical Reaction Analysis: Thermodynamics and Kinetics118
- Ch. 6 - Stereoisomerism: Arrangement of Atoms in Space112
- Ch. 7 - Principles of Green (Organic) Chemistry3
- Ch. 8 - Alkenes 1: Properties and Electrophilic Additions158
- Ch. 9 - Alkenes 2: Oxidation and Reduction150
- Ch. 10 - Alkynes: Electrophilic Addition and Redox Reactions101
- Ch. 11 - Properties and Synthesis of Alkyl Halides: Radical Reactions108
- Ch. 12 - Substitution and Elimination: Reactions of Haloalkanes172
- Ch. 13 - Alcohols, Ethers and Related Compounds: Substitution and Elimination239
- Ch. 14 - Structural Identification 1: Infrared Spectroscopy and Mass Spectrometry54
- Ch. 15 - Structural Identification 2: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy93
- Ch. 16 - Metals in Organic Chemistry48
- Ch. 17 - Carbonyl Addition Reactions: Aldehydes and Ketones45
- Ch. 18 - Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution 1: Carboxylic Acids18
- Ch. 19 - Nucleophilic Acyl Substitution 2: Carboxylic Acid Derivatives39
- Ch. 20 - Enolates: Carbonyl Addition and Substitution13
- Ch. 21 - Conjugated Systems 1: Stability and Addition Reactions56
- Ch. 22 - Conjugated Systems 2: Pericyclic Reactions54
- Ch. 23 - Benzene 1: Aromatic Stability and Substitution Reactions64
- Ch. 24 - Benzene 2: Reactions Influenced by the Aromatic Ring62
- Ch. 25 - Amines: Structure, Reactions, and Synthesis27
- Ch. 26 - Amino Acids, Proteins, and Peptide Synthesis9
- Ch. 27 - Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids, and Lipids54
Mullins1st EditionOrganic Chemistry: A Learner Centered ApproachISBN: 9780137566471Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 3, Problema 9d
What is the conjugate base of each of the following acids? [The most acidic proton is indicated.]
(d) 
Guida verificata passo dopo passo1
Identify the acidic proton in the molecule. In this case, the blue arrow points to the hydrogen atom attached to the oxygen in the hydroxyl (-OH) group.
Recall that the conjugate base is formed by removing the most acidic proton from the molecule. This involves deprotonation of the hydroxyl group.
Write the chemical equation for the deprotonation process: \( \text{R-OH} \rightarrow \text{R-O}^- + \text{H}^+ \), where \( \text{R} \) represents the cyclohexyl group.
Recognize that the conjugate base of the acid is the cyclohexoxide ion (\( \text{R-O}^- \)), which is the cyclohexyl group bonded to an oxygen atom carrying a negative charge.
Ensure that the negative charge on the oxygen is properly represented, as it results from the loss of the proton during deprotonation.
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Acid-Base Chemistry
Acid-base chemistry involves the transfer of protons (H+) between species. An acid is defined as a proton donor, while a base is a proton acceptor. Understanding this concept is crucial for identifying conjugate acid-base pairs, where the conjugate base is formed when an acid donates a proton.
Video consigliato:
02:49
The Lewis definition of acids and bases.
Conjugate Base
The conjugate base of an acid is what remains after the acid has donated a proton. For example, when phenol (C6H5OH) donates its acidic proton from the hydroxyl group, it forms the phenoxide ion (C6H5O-), which is its conjugate base. Recognizing the structure of the conjugate base is essential for predicting its reactivity and properties.
Video consigliato:
03:27Conjugated states
Resonance Stabilization
Resonance stabilization refers to the delocalization of electrons across multiple atoms in a molecule, which can enhance stability. In the case of phenoxide ion, the negative charge on the oxygen can be delocalized into the aromatic ring, making the conjugate base more stable than if the charge were localized. This concept is important for understanding the acidity of phenols compared to other alcohols.
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03:43The radical stability trend.
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