Which statement most accurately reflects current scientific understanding of the genetic factors involved in alcohol use disorders?

Researchers have identified a single "alcoholism gene" that directly causes alcohol use disorder in all individuals who carry it.

Hereditary factors fully account for the development of alcohol use disorders, with no environmental influence.

Genetic factors contribute to alcohol use disorders, but the exact role of specific genes and their interaction with environmental influences remains unclear.

Family history of alcoholism is primarily environmental, with genetics playing a minimal role in determining alcohol use disorders.