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Ch 23: Electric Potential
Young & Freedman Calc - University Physics 14th Edition
Young & Freedman Calc14th EditionUniversity PhysicsISBN: 9780321973610Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 23, Problema 9b

Two protons are released from rest when they are 0.7500.750 nm apart. What is the maximum acceleration they will achieve and when does this acceleration occur?

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First, understand that the protons will repel each other due to the electrostatic force between them. This force can be calculated using Coulomb's Law, which is given by: F=k⁢q1⁢q2r2, where k is Coulomb's constant, q1 and q2 are the charges of the protons, and r is the distance between them.
Next, calculate the force between the protons using the values: k = 8.99 x 109 N m2/C2, q1 = q2 = 1.60 x 10-19 C, and r = 0.750 nm = 0.750 x 10-9 m.
Once the force is calculated, use Newton's second law to find the acceleration of each proton. Newton's second law states: F=m⁢a, where m is the mass of a proton (approximately 1.67 x 10-27 kg) and a is the acceleration.
Solve for the acceleration a using the formula: a=Fm. Substitute the values of F and m to find the maximum acceleration.
The maximum acceleration occurs at the initial moment when the protons are released from rest, as the force is greatest when they are closest together. As they move apart, the force and thus the acceleration will decrease.

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Concetti chiave

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Coulomb's Law

Coulomb's Law describes the electrostatic force between two charged particles. It states that the force is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. This law is crucial for calculating the initial force acting on the protons due to their electric charge.
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Newton's Second Law of Motion

Newton's Second Law states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. This principle is essential for determining the acceleration of the protons once the electrostatic force is known, as it relates force, mass, and acceleration.
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06:54
Intro to Forces & Newton's Second Law

Conservation of Energy

The conservation of energy principle asserts that the total energy in a closed system remains constant. As the protons move apart, their potential energy due to electrostatic forces converts into kinetic energy, influencing their acceleration. Understanding this energy transformation helps determine when maximum acceleration occurs.
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06:24
Conservation Of Mechanical Energy
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