Domanda del libro di testo
A small car of mass kg is pushing a large truck of mass kg due east on a level road. The car exerts a horizontal force of N on the truck. What is the magnitude of the force that the truck exerts on the car?
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Ch 04: Newton's Laws of Motion
Young & Freedman Calc15th EditionUniversity PhysicsISBN: 9780135159552
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TOC.tableOfContents
- Ch 01: Units, Physical Quantities & Vectors37
- Ch 02: Motion Along a Straight Line57
- Ch 03: Motion in Two or Three Dimensions45
- Ch 04: Newton's Laws of Motion23
- Ch 05: Applying Newton's Laws54
- Ch 06: Work & Kinetic Energy11
- Ch 07: Potential Energy & Conservation6
- Ch 08: Momentum, Impulse, and Collisions15
- Ch 09: Rotation of Rigid Bodies37
- Ch 10: Dynamics of Rotational Motion44
- Ch 11: Equilibrium & Elasticity27
- Ch 12: Fluid Mechanics27
- Ch 13: Gravitation34
- Ch 14: Periodic Motion26
- Ch 15: Mechanical Waves22
- Ch 16: Sound & Hearing28
- Ch 17: Temperature and Heat28
- Ch 18: Thermal Properties of Matter35
- Ch 19: The First Law of Thermodynamics29
- Ch 20: The Second Law of Thermodynamics18
- Ch 21: Electric Charge and Electric Field28
- Ch 22: Gauss' Law21
- Ch 23: Electric Potential31
- Ch 24: Capacitance and Dielectrics18
- Ch 25: Current, Resistance, and EMF24
- Ch 26: Direct-Current Circuits29
- Ch 27: Magnetic Field and Magnetic Forces16
- Ch 28: Sources of Magnetic Field10
- Ch 29: Electromagnetic Induction22
- Ch 30: Inductance14
- Ch 31: Alternating Current20
- Ch 33: The Nature and Propagation of Light17
- Ch 34: Geometric Optics29
- Ch 35: Interference13
- Ch 36: Diffraction19
- Ch 37: Special Relativity19
- Ch 38: Photons: Light Waves Behaving as Particles12
- Ch 39: Particles Behaving as Waves25
- Ch 40: Quantum Mechanics I: Wave Functions20
- Ch 41: Quantum Mechanics II: Atomic Structure21
- Ch 42: Molecules and Condensed Matter17
- Ch 43: Nuclear Physics13
- Ch 44: Particle Physics and Cosmology17
Young & Freedman Calc15th EditionUniversity PhysicsISBN: 9780135159552Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 4, Problema 29b
A ball is hanging from a long string that is tied to the ceiling of a train car traveling eastward on horizontal tracks. An observer inside the train car sees the ball hang motionless. Draw a clearly labeled free-body diagram for the ball if the train is speeding up uniformly. Is the net force on the ball zero in either case? Explain.
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Step 1: Begin by identifying the forces acting on the ball. The ball is subject to two primary forces: (1) the gravitational force acting downward, which is the weight of the ball, and (2) the tension force in the string, which acts along the string and keeps the ball suspended.
Step 2: Consider the scenario where the train is speeding up uniformly. In this case, the train is accelerating eastward. Due to this acceleration, the ball will experience a pseudo-force (inertial force) directed westward relative to the train's frame of reference. This pseudo-force arises because the train is a non-inertial reference frame.
Step 3: Draw the free-body diagram for the ball. Represent the gravitational force as a downward arrow labeled \( F_g = m g \), where \( m \) is the mass of the ball and \( g \) is the acceleration due to gravity. Represent the tension force as an arrow along the string, angled slightly westward to counteract the pseudo-force. Label the pseudo-force as \( F_p = m a \), where \( a \) is the acceleration of the train.
Step 4: Analyze the net force on the ball. The ball is motionless relative to the train, meaning it is in equilibrium in the train's frame of reference. The tension force in the string has both vertical and horizontal components. The vertical component of the tension balances the gravitational force, and the horizontal component balances the pseudo-force. Thus, the net force on the ball is zero in the train's frame of reference.
Step 5: Conclude that the net force on the ball is not zero in the inertial (ground) frame of reference because the ball is accelerating eastward along with the train. However, in the train's non-inertial frame, the net force is zero because the pseudo-force balances the horizontal component of the tension.
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Free-Body Diagram
A free-body diagram is a graphical representation used to visualize the forces acting on an object. In this case, it would illustrate the gravitational force acting downward on the ball and the tension in the string acting upward. This diagram helps in analyzing the net force and understanding the motion of the object.
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Percorso guidato
08:42
Free-Body Diagrams
Net Force
The net force is the vector sum of all the forces acting on an object. It determines the object's acceleration according to Newton's second law (F=ma). If the net force is zero, the object remains in its current state of motion; if not, it will accelerate in the direction of the net force.
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Percorso guidato
06:28Finding Net Forces in 2D Gravitation
Inertial Reference Frame
An inertial reference frame is a frame of reference in which an object either remains at rest or moves at a constant velocity unless acted upon by a net external force. In the context of the train accelerating, the observer inside the train experiences a pseudo-force due to the acceleration, affecting the perceived forces on the ball.
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Percorso guidato
14:10Inertial Reference Frames
Pratica correlata
Domanda del libro di testo
Crates and sit at rest side by side on a frictionless horizontal surface. They have masses and , respectively. When a horizontal force is applied to crate , the two crates move off to the right. Draw clearly labeled free-body diagrams for crate and for crate . Indicate which pairs of forces, if any, are third-law action–reaction pairs.
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Domanda del libro di testo
Boxes and are in contact on a horizontal, frictionless surface (Fig. E). Box has mass kg and box has mass kg. A horizontal force of N is exerted on box . What is the magnitude of the force that box exerts on box ?
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