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Ch 28: Sources of Magnetic Field
Young & Freedman Calc - University Physics 15th Edition
Young & Freedman Calc15th EditionUniversity PhysicsISBN: 9780135159552Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 28, Problema 40

As a new electrical technician, you are designing a large solenoid to produce a uniform 0.150 T magnetic field near the center of the solenoid. You have enough wire for 4000 circular turns. This solenoid must be 55.0 cm long and 2.80 cm in diameter. What current will you need to produce the necessary field?

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Start by understanding the formula for the magnetic field inside a solenoid: B=μnI, where B is the magnetic field, μ is the permeability of free space (μ=4π×10⁻7Tm/A), n is the number of turns per unit length, and I is the current.
Calculate the number of turns per unit length, n, using the formula n=40000.55, where 4000 is the total number of turns and 0.55 m is the length of the solenoid.
Rearrange the formula to solve for the current I: I=B/μn. Substitute the values for B (0.150 T), μ (permeability of free space), and n (calculated in the previous step).
Ensure that all units are consistent, particularly converting the length of the solenoid from centimeters to meters, as the permeability constant is in meters.
After substituting the values into the rearranged formula, calculate the current I needed to produce the desired magnetic field.

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Magnetic Field of a Solenoid

The magnetic field inside a solenoid is uniform and parallel to the axis of the solenoid. It is given by the formula B = μ₀ * n * I, where B is the magnetic field, μ₀ is the permeability of free space, n is the number of turns per unit length, and I is the current. This formula is crucial for calculating the current needed to achieve a specific magnetic field strength.
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Permeability of Free Space

Permeability of free space, denoted as μ₀, is a fundamental physical constant that describes the ability of a vacuum to support a magnetic field. Its value is approximately 4π x 10⁻⁷ T·m/A. Understanding μ₀ is essential for calculating the magnetic field in a solenoid, as it directly influences the relationship between current and magnetic field strength.
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Number of Turns per Unit Length

The number of turns per unit length, n, is calculated by dividing the total number of turns by the length of the solenoid. It is a critical factor in determining the magnetic field inside the solenoid, as it directly affects the field's strength according to the formula B = μ₀ * n * I. For this problem, n = 4000 turns / 0.55 m.
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