Question 1

Which of the following best describes a conditional statement in logic?

Accepted Answer

A statement that claims if one event occurs, another must also occur.

Question 2

Given the conditional statement: "If a student passes the exam, then they will graduate." Which of the following is an example of affirming the hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

The student passed the exam, so they will graduate.

Question 3

Which argument form is INVALID among the four basic conditional arguments?

Accepted Answer

Affirming the conclusion

Question 4

Consider the conditional: "If it rains, the ground will be wet." Which of the following is an example of denying the hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

It does not rain, so nothing can be concluded about the ground.

Question 5

Given: "If a figure is a quadrilateral, it has four sides." Triangles are not quadrilaterals. Triangles do not have four sides. What type of argument is this and is it valid?

Accepted Answer

Denying the hypothesis; valid

Question 6

Which logical form is represented by: $$	ext{If } p 	ext{ then } q$$, $$q is $$true, therefore $$p is $$true$?

Accepted Answer

Affirming the conclusion

Question 7

In the argument: "If you get at least a C in your math class, you may drive my car. You are not driving my car. You did not get a C in math." What is the logical form and is it valid?

Accepted Answer

Denying the conclusion; valid

Question 8

Which of the following is a valid argument form for a conditional statement $$	ext{If } p 	ext{ then } q$$?

Accepted Answer

Denying the hypothesis

Question 9

Suppose: "If a patient has the flu, then they will have a fever." A patient does not have a fever. What can you conclude?

Accepted Answer

The patient does not have the flu.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the hypothesis in a conditional statement?

Accepted Answer

The part that must be true for the conclusion to follow.

Question 11

Given: "If a person is pregnant, then the person is female." Which of the following is an example of denying the conclusion?

Accepted Answer

The person is not female, so the person is not pregnant.

Question 12

Which argument is valid for the conditional: $$	ext{If } p 	ext{ then } q$$?

Accepted Answer

$$p is $$true, therefore $$q is $$true.

Question 13

Which of the following is an example of an invalid argument form?

Accepted Answer

Affirming the conclusion

Question 14

If $$	ext{If } p 	ext{ then } q$$, and $$p is $$false, what can you conclude?

Accepted Answer

Nothing can be concluded about $$q.$$

Question 15

Which scenario illustrates affirming the conclusion?

Accepted Answer

If a person is a doctor, then they have a medical degree. The person has a medical degree, so they are a doctor.

Question 16

Which of the following is a real-world example of denying the conclusion?

Accepted Answer

If a car is electric, then it does not use gasoline. The car uses gasoline, so it is not electric.

Question 17

Which logical argument is valid for the conditional: $$	ext{If } p 	ext{ then } q$$, $$q is $$not true, therefore $$p is $$not true$?

Accepted Answer

Denying the conclusion

Question 18

If "If a person is a professional athlete, then they train daily." A person does not train daily. What can you conclude?

Accepted Answer

The person is not a professional athlete.

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct symbolic representation for denying the conclusion?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{If } p 	ext{ then } q$$, $$q is $$not true, therefore $$p is $$not true$

Question 20

Which of the following statements about conditional arguments is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Affirming the hypothesis and denying the conclusion are valid argument forms.

Analyzing Arguments and Testing Validity in Quantitative Reasoning

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