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Ch. 2 - Descriptive Statistics
Larson - Elementary Statistics: Picturing the World 8th Edition
Larson8th EditionElementary Statistics: Picturing the WorldISBN: 9780137493470Non è quello che usi tu?Cambia libro di testo
Capitolo 2, Problema 2.5.38

Finding and Interpreting Percentiles In Exercises 37– 40, use the data set, which represents wait times (in minutes) for various services at a state’s Department of Motor Vehicles locations.
6 10 1 22 23 10 6 7 2 1 6 6 2 4 14 15 16 4
19 3 19 26 5 3 4 7 6 10 9 10 20 18 3 20 10 13
14 11 14 17 4 27 4 8 4 3 26 18 21 1 3 3 5 5
Which wait time represents the 50th percentile? How would you interpret this?

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Step 1: Organize the data set in ascending order. This is necessary to determine percentiles, as percentiles are based on the position of values in an ordered data set.
Step 2: Identify the formula for finding the position of the 50th percentile (median). The formula is: P = (n + 1) * (percentile / 100), where n is the total number of data points.
Step 3: Calculate the position of the 50th percentile using the formula. Substitute the total number of data points (n) and the desired percentile (50) into the formula.
Step 4: Locate the value at the calculated position in the ordered data set. If the position is a whole number, the value at that position is the 50th percentile. If the position is not a whole number, interpolate between the two closest values.
Step 5: Interpret the 50th percentile. The 50th percentile represents the median wait time, meaning that 50% of the wait times are less than or equal to this value, and 50% are greater than or equal to this value.

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Percentiles

A percentile is a measure used in statistics to indicate the value below which a given percentage of observations fall. For example, the 50th percentile, also known as the median, is the value that separates the higher half from the lower half of the data set. Understanding percentiles helps in interpreting the distribution of data and identifying relative standings within a dataset.

Median

The median is a specific type of percentile that represents the middle value of a dataset when it is ordered from least to greatest. If there is an even number of observations, the median is calculated as the average of the two middle numbers. It is a robust measure of central tendency, less affected by outliers than the mean, making it useful for skewed distributions.
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Interpreting Percentiles

Interpreting percentiles involves understanding what the percentile value signifies in the context of the data. For instance, if a wait time is at the 50th percentile, it means that 50% of the wait times are less than or equal to this value. This interpretation provides insights into the typical experience of individuals in the dataset, allowing for better decision-making and understanding of service efficiency.
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Population Standard Deviation Unknown