Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the integumentary system?

Accepted Answer

Protection against environmental hazards and regulation of body temperature

Question 2

A patient presents with a broken femur. Which part of the axial skeleton is affected?

Accepted Answer

The femur is not part of the axial skeleton; it is part of the appendicular skeleton

Question 3

Which tissue type is primarily responsible for voluntary movement in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle tissue

Question 4

A person suffers damage to the myelin sheath in their nervous system. Which cell type is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Schwann cells

Question 5

Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation of cardiac output ($$CO) in $$the cardiovascular system?

Accepted Answer

$$CO = HR 	imes SV$$

Question 6

During a respiratory emergency, a patient’s blood pH drops below 7.35. What is the most likely physiological condition?

Accepted Answer

Acidosis

Question 7

Which of the following best explains the role of the lymphatic system in immunity?

Accepted Answer

It filters lymph and houses immune cells that respond to pathogens

Question 8

A patient is unable to absorb nutrients properly due to damage in the small intestine. Which system is directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Digestive system

Question 9

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the transmission of a nerve impulse across a synapse?

Accepted Answer

Release of neurotransmitter, binding to postsynaptic receptor, generation of action potential

Question 10

A patient with chronic kidney disease has elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels. Which function of the urinary system is most compromised?

Accepted Answer

Excretion of metabolic wastes

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of alveoli in the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between air and blood

Question 12

A male patient has low testosterone levels. Which organ system is primarily responsible for the production of this hormone?

Accepted Answer

Reproductive system

Question 13

Which of the following formulas correctly calculates the mean arterial pressure ($$MAP) in $$the circulatory system?

Accepted Answer

$$MAP = DBP + \frac{1}{3}(SBP - DBP)$$

Question 14

A patient is experiencing muscle weakness due to low calcium levels. Which hormone is most likely involved in regulating blood calcium?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of erythrocytes in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Transport oxygen from the lungs to tissues

Question 16

A patient with damage to the frontal lobe of the brain is most likely to experience which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Impaired decision-making and personality changes

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct order of blood flow through the heart, starting from the right atrium?

Accepted Answer

Right atrium → Right ventricle → Pulmonary artery → Lungs → Pulmonary vein → Left atrium → Left ventricle → Aorta

Question 18

A patient is diagnosed with osteoporosis. Which tissue type is most affected by this condition?

Accepted Answer

Bone tissue

Question 19

Which of the following best explains the role of the hypothalamus in homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

It regulates body temperature, hunger, and thirst

Question 20

A patient is unable to produce insulin due to destruction of pancreatic beta cells. Which disease is most likely present?

Accepted Answer

Type 1 diabetes mellitus

Anatomy & Physiology I: Course Syllabus and Study Guide

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