$$\text{Bone Mass} = \text{Organic Matrix} + \text{Inorganic Salts}$$

$$\text{Range of Motion} = \text{Joint Structure} + \text{Ligament Flexibility}$$

Question 1

Which of the following is a primary function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Support and protection of internal organs

Question 2

A patient presents with a fracture in the femur. Which division of the skeleton does the femur belong to?

Accepted Answer

Appendicular skeleton

Question 3

Which type of cartilage is most resistant to compression and is found in intervertebral discs?

Accepted Answer

Fibrocartilage

Question 4

In the microscopic structure of compact bone, what is the function of the central canal in an osteon?

Accepted Answer

Provides a passage for blood vessels and nerves

Question 5

Which equation best represents the relationship between bone mass and mineral content?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Bone Mass} = 	ext{Organic Matrix} + 	ext{Inorganic Salts}$$

Question 6

During bone growth, which epiphyseal plate zone is responsible for actively dividing cells?

Accepted Answer

Zone of proliferation

Question 7

A vertebra with a bifid spinous process and transverse foramina most likely belongs to which region?

Accepted Answer

Cervical

Question 8

Which bone forms the posterior portion of the hard palate and contributes to the floor of the nasal cavity?

Accepted Answer

Palatine bone

Question 9

Which of the following is a major difference between the fetal and adult skull?

Accepted Answer

The fetal skull contains fontanelles

Question 10

Which structure is unique to the axis (C2) vertebra and allows for rotation of the head?

Accepted Answer

Dens (odontoid process)

Question 11

Which equation describes the total number of ribs in the human body?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Total Ribs} = 12$$

Question 12

Which bone is part of the pectoral girdle and serves as an attachment site for muscles of the upper limb?

Accepted Answer

Scapula

Question 13

Which tarsal bone articulates directly with the tibia to form the ankle joint?

Accepted Answer

Talus

Question 14

Which feature distinguishes the male pelvis from the female pelvis?

Accepted Answer

Female pelvis has a broader pelvic inlet

Question 15

Which of the following is a hinge joint?

Accepted Answer

Elbow joint

Question 16

Which equation best represents the range of motion for a synovial joint?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Range of Motion} = 	ext{Joint Structure} + 	ext{Ligament Flexibility}$$

Question 17

A football player suffers a torn anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). Which joint is affected?

Accepted Answer

Knee joint

Question 18

Which movement term describes decreasing the angle between two bones, such as bending the elbow?

Accepted Answer

Flexion

Question 19

Which structural category of joint is characterized by a fluid-filled cavity and allows for the greatest range of movement?

Accepted Answer

Synovial joint

Question 20

A patient is unable to abduct their shoulder. Which synovial joint type is primarily responsible for this movement?

Accepted Answer

Ball-and-socket joint

Anatomy & Physiology I Lab Exam 2 Review: Skeletal System and Articulations

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