Q: Which equation correctly calculates the partial pressure of oxygen ($$P_{O_2$}) if $$oxygen makes up 20.9% of air and the atmospheric pressure is 751 mm Hg?

$$P_{O_2$} = 0.209 \times 751$$

Q: If the respiratory rate is 10 breaths per minute and the tidal volume is 500 mL, what is the respiratory minute volume ($$V_M$$)?

$$V_M = 10 \times 500 = 5000\ \text{mL/min}$$

Question 1

Which structure prevents food or liquid from entering the larynx and lower respiratory tract during swallowing?

Accepted Answer

Epiglottis

Question 2

A patient with respiratory distress syndrome is most likely suffering from a deficiency of which substance?

Accepted Answer

Surfactant

Question 3

Which equation correctly calculates the partial pressure of oxygen ($$P_{O_2$}) if $$oxygen makes up 20.9% of air and the atmospheric pressure is 751 mm Hg?

Accepted Answer

$$P_{O_2$} = 0.209 	imes 751$$

Question 4

During an asthmatic attack, which substance is administered to decrease airway resistance by dilating the airways?

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a function of the upper respiratory portion of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Gas exchange with blood

Question 6

If the respiratory rate is 10 breaths per minute and the tidal volume is 500 mL, what is the respiratory minute volume ($$V_M$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$V_M = 10 	imes 500 = 5000\ 	ext{mL/min}$$

Question 7

Which gas law states that the amount of a gas in solution is directly proportional to the partial pressure of that gas?

Accepted Answer

Henry's Law

Question 8

What is the main difference between the conducting portion and the respiratory portion of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

The conducting portion transports air, while the respiratory portion is where gas exchange occurs

Question 9

Which of the following accurately describes what happens at the alveoli?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen diffuses from the alveoli into the blood, and carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the alveoli

Question 10

A patient presents with decreased efficiency of gas exchange at the blood-air barrier. Which factor is LEAST likely to affect this efficiency?

Accepted Answer

Number of cilia in the trachea

Question 11

Which of the following cell types is responsible for the phagocytosis of particles or pathogens that reach the alveoli?

Accepted Answer

Alveolar macrophages

Question 12

Which equation best represents Boyle’s Law as it applies to pulmonary ventilation?

Accepted Answer

$$P \propto \frac{1}{V}$$

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the carina?

Accepted Answer

The point where the trachea divides into the left and right primary bronchi

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT true regarding carbon monoxide poisoning?

Accepted Answer

Carbon monoxide is easily detected by the body due to its color and odor

Question 15

Which of the following statements about the trachea is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

The trachea is collapsed during inhalation

Question 16

Which of the following allows a pregnant mother to provide oxygen to her developing baby?

Accepted Answer

Fetal hemoglobin has a higher affinity for oxygen than adult hemoglobin

Question 17

Which change in blood chemistry causes an increase in respiration?

Accepted Answer

Increase in arterial $$P_{CO_2$}$$

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a function of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

Producing digestive enzymes

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the dorsal and ventral respiratory groups is most correct?

Accepted Answer

The dorsal respiratory group controls quiet inspiration, while the ventral respiratory group is active during forced breathing

Question 20

If oxygen is most often carried in the blood bound to hemoglobin, what percentage of total oxygen is transported within red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

98.5%

Anatomy & Physiology: Respiratory System Study Guide

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