Question 1

Which of the following is a function of osteoclasts in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Resorbing and breaking down bone tissue

Question 2

Which tissue type is primarily responsible for the tensile strength of ligaments and tendons?

Accepted Answer

Dense regular connective tissue (collagen fibers)

Question 3

During bone remodeling, which hormone increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 4

A patient suffers a bone fracture. Which stage of healing involves the formation of a fibrocartilaginous callus?

Accepted Answer

Fibrocartilaginous callus formation

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the architectural difference between compact bone and spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Spongy bone contains trabeculae, while compact bone contains osteons.

Question 6

Which equation correctly represents the splitting of ATP during muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{ATP} \rightarrow \mathrm{ADP} + \mathrm{Pi}$$

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in skeletal muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Synthesizing ATP for muscle contraction

Question 8

A muscle fiber is stimulated at a high frequency, resulting in sustained contraction without relaxation. What is this phenomenon called?

Accepted Answer

Tetanus

Question 9

Which connective tissue layer surrounds individual muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Endomysium

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the neuromuscular junction is correct?

Accepted Answer

Acetylcholine binds to receptors on the motor end plate.

Question 11

Which type of muscle contraction occurs when the muscle changes length while the tension remains constant?

Accepted Answer

Isotonic contraction

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct description of fast glycolytic muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

They contract quickly and rely primarily on anaerobic glycolysis.

Question 13

Which of the following is a major component of bone matrix responsible for its hardness?

Accepted Answer

Hydroxyapatite (inorganic)

Question 14

Which process is responsible for the longitudinal growth of long bones during childhood and adolescence?

Accepted Answer

Endochondral ossification at the epiphyseal plate

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of creatine phosphate in muscle metabolism?

Accepted Answer

It rapidly donates a phosphate group to ADP to regenerate ATP.

Question 16

Which equation represents the aerobic breakdown of glucose in muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{C}_6\mathrm{H}_{12}\mathrm{O}_6 + 6\mathrm{O}_2 \rightarrow 6\mathrm{CO}_2 + 6\mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} + \mathrm{ATP}$$

Question 17

Which of the following is true regarding the 'All or None' principle in skeletal muscle physiology?

Accepted Answer

A motor unit contracts maximally when stimulated above threshold.

Question 18

Which of the following best explains the difference between concentric and eccentric muscle contractions?

Accepted Answer

Concentric contractions shorten the muscle, while eccentric contractions lengthen it.

Question 19

Which of the following is a similarity between cardiac and skeletal muscle tissue?

Accepted Answer

Both contain striations due to organized sarcomeres.

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

Binding of acetylcholine to motor end plate → depolarization → release of calcium from sarcoplasmic reticulum

Lecture Exam #2 Study Guide

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제