Question 1

Which of the following best explains why blood is classified as a connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Blood is composed of cells suspended in a liquid matrix, similar to other connective tissues.

Question 2

A patient presents with abnormally low platelet counts and frequent bruising. Which process is most likely impaired?

Accepted Answer

Hemostasis

Question 3

Which hormone is produced by the adrenal gland and is primarily responsible for regulating sodium and potassium balance?

Accepted Answer

Aldosterone

Question 4

A person with type AB blood can safely receive blood from which of the following donors?

Accepted Answer

Any ABO blood type

Question 5

Which of the following equations correctly represents cardiac output ($$CO) in $$terms of stroke volume ($$SV) $$and heart rate ($$HR$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$CO = SV 	imes HR$$

Question 6

A patient is diagnosed with hypothyroidism. Which of the following symptoms is most likely to be observed?

Accepted Answer

Decreased metabolic rate and fatigue

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the role of the hypothalamus in endocrine regulation?

Accepted Answer

It secretes releasing and inhibiting hormones that control the pituitary gland.

Question 8

A patient with a deficiency in vitamin K is most likely to experience which of the following problems?

Accepted Answer

Reduced blood clotting ability

Question 9

Which of the following is a function of plasma in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Transporting hormones, nutrients, and waste products

Question 10

A patient is found to have a high white blood cell count. Which condition is most likely indicated?

Accepted Answer

Leukocytosis

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between hormonal and neural controls of body functioning?

Accepted Answer

Hormonal control is slower and has longer-lasting effects than neural control.

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in the cardiac cycle?

Accepted Answer

Atrial systole, ventricular systole, atrial diastole, ventricular diastole

Question 13

Which of the following hormones is secreted by the pancreas and lowers blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Question 14

A patient receives a blood transfusion and develops a severe reaction. Which of the following is the most likely cause?

Accepted Answer

Mismatch of ABO or Rh blood group antigens

Question 15

Which of the following is a major function of erythrocytes?

Accepted Answer

Transporting oxygen and carbon dioxide

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the effect of the autonomic nervous system on heart rate?

Accepted Answer

The sympathetic division increases heart rate, while the parasympathetic division decreases it.

Question 17

A patient with Addison's disease has a deficiency of which hormone, and what is a common symptom?

Accepted Answer

Aldosterone; dehydration and low blood pressure

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct description of the function of platelets?

Accepted Answer

Platelets initiate the process of blood clotting.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the structural difference between cardiac and skeletal muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac muscle fibers are branched and connected by intercalated discs.

Question 20

A patient with diabetes mellitus is experiencing high blood glucose levels. Which hormone is most likely deficient or ineffective?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Anatomy & Physiology Study Guide: Endocrine System, Blood, and Heart

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