Question 1

Which of the following best describes the role of negative feedback in homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

It reverses the direction of the change, bringing the system back to its set point.

Question 2

A patient’s blood pH is measured at 7.1. Which of the following best describes this condition?

Accepted Answer

The blood is acidic and the patient is experiencing acidosis.

Question 3

Which of the following is a correct example of a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

The bond between two hydrogen atoms in a $$H_2$$ molecule

Question 4

Which organelle is primarily responsible for ATP production in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

Mitochondrion

Question 5

A solution has a hydrogen ion concentration of $$1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$ M. What is its pH?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = 4$$

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the function of ligand-gated channels in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

They open when a specific chemical binds to the channel protein.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of ATP

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the difference between osmosis and diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane, while diffusion is the movement of solute molecules from high to low concentration.

Question 9

Which of the following is a monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 10

A cell is placed in a solution with higher osmolarity than its cytoplasm. What will happen to the cell?

Accepted Answer

Water will leave the cell, causing it to shrink.

Question 11

Which of the following is true about the phospholipid bilayer of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

The hydrophilic heads face both the cytoplasm and the extracellular fluid.

Question 12

Which process involves the engulfing of large particles by the cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis

Question 13

Which of the following best describes a nucleotide?

Accepted Answer

A molecule composed of a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct statement about active transport?

Accepted Answer

It requires energy in the form of ATP.

Question 15

Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Question 16

Which of the following is a function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Accepted Answer

Lipid synthesis

Question 17

Which of the following is true about hydrogen bonds?

Accepted Answer

They occur between molecules with polar covalent bonds.

Question 18

During translation, what is the role of the anticodon?

Accepted Answer

It binds to the codon on mRNA to ensure the correct amino acid is added.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in the central dogma of molecular biology?

Accepted Answer

Transcription → Translation → Protein synthesis

Question 20

Which of the following is a property of an electrolyte?

Accepted Answer

It dissociates into ions when dissolved in water.

Anatomy & Physiology Study Guide: Homeostasis, Chemistry, and Cell Structure

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