Question 1

Which type of cartilage provides the greatest tensile strength and resists compression, making it ideal for intervertebral discs?

Accepted Answer

Fibrocartilage

Question 2

A patient presents with a bone fracture where the bone is crushed, most commonly seen in the vertebral column. What type of fracture is this?

Accepted Answer

Compression fracture

Question 3

Which hormone is most important in regulating blood calcium levels under normal physiological conditions?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone

Question 4

If osteoclasts are more active than osteoblasts in the femur, how will the bone mass of the femur change?

Accepted Answer

Bone mass will decrease

Question 5

Which of the following is a function of skeletal muscle tissue in the body?

Accepted Answer

Movement of body parts

Question 6

During the cross bridge cycle in muscle contraction, which step directly follows the binding of myosin to actin?

Accepted Answer

Power stroke

Question 7

Which type of neuron is most responsible for receiving information from other neurons?

Accepted Answer

Dendrite

Question 8

What is the main function of the central nervous system (CNS)?

Accepted Answer

Integrate and process information

Question 9

Which type of membrane ion channel opens when a neurotransmitter binds to it?

Accepted Answer

Chemically gated channel

Question 10

A child presents with soft, weak bones and bowing of the legs. Which bone disorder is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Rickets

Question 11

Which protein blocks binding sites on the thin filament in skeletal muscle?

Accepted Answer

Tropomyosin

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the function of satellite cells in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Surround and support neuron cell bodies in the PNS

Question 13

Which step in endochondral ossification involves the invasion of the periosteal bud into the internal cavities and formation of spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Periosteal bud invasion

Question 14

Which of the following is a real-life example of an isometric muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

Holding a plank position

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the effect of aerobic exercise on skeletal muscle fibers?

Accepted Answer

Increase in muscle endurance

Question 16

Which of the following structures is found only in compact bone and not in spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Central canals

Question 17

What is the equation for the calculation of bone mass change when osteoclast activity exceeds osteoblast activity?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta M = B_{formation} - B_{resorption}$$

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of the nodes of Ranvier in a neuron?

Accepted Answer

They allow for saltatory conduction of action potentials

Question 19

Which type of fracture is most common in children and involves the bone breaking incompletely?

Accepted Answer

Greenstick fracture

Question 20

Which of the following is a function of the parathyroid hormone?

Accepted Answer

Increases blood calcium levels

Anatomy & Physiology Study Guide: Skeletal, Muscular, and Nervous Systems

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