Q: Which of the following is the correct equation for cellular respiration?

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 \rightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + \text{energy (ATP)}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the principle of 'complementarity of structure and function' in anatomy and physiology?

Accepted Answer

The structure of an organ determines its function, and the function can alter the structure over time.

Question 2

Which organ system is primarily responsible for thermoregulation in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Integumentary system

Question 3

Negative feedback is essential for maintaining homeostasis. Which of the following is an example of a negative feedback loop?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of blood glucose by insulin

Question 4

When sodium chloride ($$NaCl) is $$placed in water, what happens to the ionic bond between $$Na^+$$ and $$Cl^-$$?

Accepted Answer

The ionic bond dissociates, and $$Na^+$$ and $$Cl^-$$ become surrounded by water molecules.

Question 5

Which of the following macromolecules is NOT a major class found in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Nucleic acids

Question 6

Which process is responsible for the breakdown of glycogen into glucose molecules?

Accepted Answer

Glycogenolysis

Question 7

During cellular respiration, what is the net ATP yield from one molecule of glucose under aerobic conditions?

Accepted Answer

$$\approx 30 to$$ $$32$$ ATP

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why LDL cholesterol is considered 'bad' compared to HDL cholesterol?

Accepted Answer

LDL transports cholesterol to tissues, increasing risk of arterial plaque formation.

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct description of facilitated diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Movement of molecules down their concentration gradient via a membrane protein, without energy input.

Question 10

A patient in a hospital is accidentally given an IV with a 0.9% saline solution instead of pure water. What is the most likely effect on their red blood cells?

Accepted Answer

No significant change; the solution is isotonic to the cells.

Question 11

Which of the following is the correct equation for cellular respiration?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6O_2 ightarrow 6CO_2 + 6H_2O + 	ext{energy (ATP)}$$

Question 12

Which step in cellular respiration produces the most ATP?

Accepted Answer

Electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of plasma membrane proteins?

Accepted Answer

Transport of molecules across the membrane

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of ATP in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

ATP provides energy for cellular processes by transferring a phosphate group to other molecules.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about enzymes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy required for chemical reactions.

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct statement about osmosis?

Accepted Answer

Osmosis is the movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from low solute concentration to high solute concentration.

Question 17

Which of the following is a product of triglyceride breakdown during lipolysis?

Accepted Answer

Fatty acids and glycerol

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why thermoregulation is important for enzyme function?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes have optimal temperature ranges; deviations can reduce activity or denature them.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct description of the fluid mosaic model of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

The membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins that move laterally.

Question 20

Which of the following is a correct statement about DNA?

Accepted Answer

DNA stores genetic information in the sequence of its nucleotides.

Anatomy & Physiology Study Guide: Structure, Function, and Cellular Processes

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