Question 1

Which layer of the epidermis is primarily responsible for the production of keratin and contains cells that are constantly dividing?

Accepted Answer

Stratum basale

Question 2

A patient presents with a burn that is red, painful, and only affects the epidermis. Which degree of burn does this describe?

Accepted Answer

First-degree burn

Question 3

Which of the following is a function of the skin that helps maintain homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of body temperature

Question 4

A person with dark skin has more melanin but the same number of melanocytes as a person with light skin. What is the primary role of melanin?

Accepted Answer

To protect DNA from UV damage

Question 5

Which accessory structure of the skin is responsible for producing sebum and is associated with acne when inflamed?

Accepted Answer

Sebaceous glands

Question 6

If a wound penetrates the dermis and damages blood vessels, which step in the repair process involves fibroblasts producing new collagen fibers and ground substance?

Accepted Answer

Step 3: Fibroblast activity

Question 7

Which type of sweat gland is most responsible for body odor due to its secretion containing proteins and is found mainly in the axillary and pubic regions?

Accepted Answer

Apocrine gland

Question 8

A patient has a third-degree burn covering 25% of their body. According to the rule of nines, which of the following is a major risk for this patient?

Accepted Answer

Fluid and electrolyte loss

Question 9

Which layer of the skin contains capillaries and sensory receptors, and is located just below the epidermis?

Accepted Answer

Papillary layer of the dermis

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the function of dendritic cells found in the stratum spinosum?

Accepted Answer

They stimulate immune response against pathogens.

Question 11

A patient is diagnosed with melanoma. Which cell type does this cancer originate from?

Accepted Answer

Melanocytes

Question 12

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the stratum corneum?

Accepted Answer

It consists of up to 30 cell layers of dead keratinocytes.

Question 13

Which pigment is primarily responsible for the yellow coloration of the skin?

Accepted Answer

Carotene

Question 14

A person spends several weeks indoors with minimal sunlight exposure. Which vitamin deficiency are they most at risk for, and what is a possible consequence?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D; rickets

Question 15

Which layer of the skin acts as a blood reservoir and provides energy storage?

Accepted Answer

Subcutaneous (hypodermis) layer

Question 16

Which of the following equations correctly represents the relationship between the thickness of the skin and the number of cell layers in the stratum corneum?

Accepted Answer

$$n = \frac{d}{t}$$, where $$n is $$the number of layers, $$d is $$the total skin thickness, and $$t is $$the thickness of one layer.

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why calluses form on the skin?

Accepted Answer

Thickening of the stratum corneum due to repeated pressure.

Question 18

A patient has a wound that heals with minimal scarring because the incision was made parallel to cleavage lines. What is the anatomical basis for this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

Cleavage lines are regions where collagen and elastic fibers are arranged in parallel bundles.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skin?

Accepted Answer

Production of insulin

Question 20

Which structure is responsible for pulling hair upright in response to cold or fear?

Accepted Answer

Piloerector muscle

Anatomy & Physiology Study Notes: The Integumentary System (Skin)

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드