Question 1

Which type of chemical reaction is primarily responsible for the breakdown of glycogen into glucose molecules in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Decomposition reaction

Question 2

A reaction in which ATP transfers its terminal phosphate group to glucose, forming glucose-phosphate and ADP, is best classified as which type of chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

Exchange (displacement) reaction

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why water has a high specific heat?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds between water molecules absorb and release heat slowly

Question 4

Which property of water allows it to dissolve ionic compounds such as NaCl?

Accepted Answer

Polar solvent properties

Question 5

A solution has a pH of 4. Which of the following statements is true about this solution?

Accepted Answer

It is considered acidic

Question 6

Which of the following factors will NOT increase the rate of a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

Decreasing the concentration of reactants

Question 7

Which emergent property of water is most directly responsible for the ability of some insects to walk on water?

Accepted Answer

Cohesive behavior

Question 8

What is the role of buffers in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Buffers maintain homeostasis by resisting changes in pH

Question 9

Which equation correctly represents the neutralization reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide?

Accepted Answer

$$ \mathrm{HCl} + \mathrm{NaOH} \rightarrow \mathrm{NaCl} + \mathrm{H}_2\mathrm{O} $$

Question 10

Which of the following best describes an exergonic reaction?

Accepted Answer

A reaction that releases energy and forms products with lower potential energy than reactants

Question 11

A patient presents with an arterial pH of 6.8. What is the most likely clinical implication?

Accepted Answer

The patient is at high risk of poor outcome or death

Question 12

Which of the following substances is hydrophobic?

Accepted Answer

Lipids

Question 13

Which property of water is most important for the protection of the brain and spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

Cushioning

Question 14

If the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution is $$ 1 	imes 10$$^{-9}$$  M$$, what is the pH of the solution?

Accepted Answer

pH = 9

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of enzymes in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes act as biological catalysts to speed up reactions without being consumed

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why ice floats on liquid water?

Accepted Answer

Hydrogen bonds in ice are more ordered, making ice less dense than liquid water

Question 17

Which of the following is true about strong acids and bases?

Accepted Answer

Strong acids and bases dissociate completely in water

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of a catabolic reaction?

Accepted Answer

Breakdown of starch into glucose molecules

Question 19

Which property of water helps stabilize the temperature of lakes and oceans, making life possible?

Accepted Answer

High specific heat

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the effect of increasing reactant concentration on the rate of a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

It increases the rate of reaction

Atoms, Molecules, and Bonds: Chemical Reactions and Properties of Water

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