Q: A solution is prepared by dissolving 10 grams of NaCl in enough water to make 1 liter of solution. What is the concentration of NaCl in mg/dL?

$$\frac{10\,\text{g}}{1\,\text{L}} = 10,000\,\text{mg/L}$$, so $$10,000\,\text{mg/L} \times 0.1 = 1,000\,\text{mg/dL}$$

Q: A solution contains 0.9% NaCl (w/v). How many grams of NaCl are present in 100 mL of this solution?

$$0.9\,\text{g} / 100\,\text{mL}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between potential energy and kinetic energy in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Potential energy is stored in ATP molecules, while kinetic energy is the energy of muscle contraction.

Question 2

A solution is prepared by dissolving 10 grams of NaCl in enough water to make 1 liter of solution. What is the concentration of NaCl in mg/dL?

Accepted Answer

$$\frac{10\,	ext{g}}{1\,	ext{L}} = 10,000\,	ext{mg/L}$$, so $$10,000\,	ext{mg/L} 	imes 0.1 = 1,000\,	ext{mg/dL}$$

Question 3

Which statement about isotopes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a form of energy found in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Nuclear energy

Question 5

A patient receives a PET scan using a radioisotope. What property of radioisotopes makes this possible?

Accepted Answer

Radioisotopes emit subatomic particles that can be detected by scanners.

Question 6

Which of the following best explains why water is considered a polar molecule?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen, creating a partial negative charge on oxygen and a partial positive charge on hydrogen.

Question 7

Which of the following is the correct definition of an element?

Accepted Answer

A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical methods.

Question 8

If an atom has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons, what is its atomic number and mass number?

Accepted Answer

Atomic number = 6, Mass number = 12

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the octet rule in chemical bonding?

Accepted Answer

Atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to achieve 8 electrons in their valence shell.

Question 10

A solution contains 0.9% NaCl (w/v). How many grams of NaCl are present in 100 mL of this solution?

Accepted Answer

$$0.9\,	ext{g} / 100\,	ext{mL}$$

Question 11

Which of the following statements about mixtures and compounds is correct?

Accepted Answer

Mixtures do not involve chemical bonding between components, while compounds do.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct statement about the electron shells of an atom?

Accepted Answer

The first shell can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, and the second shell can hold a maximum of 8 electrons.

Question 13

Which of the following is a property of colloids in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Colloids are heterogeneous mixtures that do not settle out and can scatter light.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes a covalent bond?

Accepted Answer

A bond formed by the sharing of electrons between two atoms.

Question 15

Which of the following elements makes up the largest percentage of the human body by mass?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 16

A molecule of glucose ($$	ext{C}_6	ext{H}_{12}	ext{O}_6) $$has a molecular weight of 180.12 amu. How many grams of glucose are needed to make 1 mole of solution?

Accepted Answer

$$180.12\,	ext{g}$$

Question 17

Which of the following is true about ionic bonds?

Accepted Answer

Ionic bonds involve the transfer of valence electrons from one atom to another, resulting in ions.

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why energy conversions in the body are inefficient?

Accepted Answer

Some energy is always lost as heat during conversions.

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct definition of a suspension in biological systems?

Accepted Answer

A heterogeneous mixture with large particles that settle out over time.

Basic Chemistry for Anatomy & Physiology

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