Q: A solution has a pH of 4. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions $$[H^+] in $$this solution?

$$[H^+] = 1 \times 10$$^{-4}$$ \ \mathrm{mol/L}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best explains why water is considered a polar molecule?

Accepted Answer

Because the oxygen atom is more electronegative, creating a partial negative charge on oxygen and partial positive charges on the hydrogens.

Question 2

A solution has a pH of 4. What is the concentration of hydrogen ions $$[H^+] in $$this solution?

Accepted Answer

$$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-4}$$ \ \mathrm{mol/L}$$

Question 3

Which of the following statements about acids and bases is correct?

Accepted Answer

A base is a substance that accepts hydrogen ions ($$H^+) in $$solution.

Question 4

If the pH of a solution changes from 6 to 3, how does the hydrogen ion concentration change?

Accepted Answer

It increases by 1000 times.

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the role of buffers in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Buffers minimize changes in pH by either absorbing or releasing $$H^+$$ ions.

Question 6

A patient’s blood pH drops below 7.35. Which of the following buffer reactions would help restore normal pH?

Accepted Answer

$$HCO_3^- + H$$^+ \rightarrow H_2CO_3$$

Question 7

Which property of water is most important for maintaining a stable internal body temperature in humans?

Accepted Answer

High heat capacity

Question 8

What happens to sodium chloride ($$NaCl) $$when it dissolves in water?

Accepted Answer

It dissociates into $$Na^+$$ and $$Cl^-$$ ions, which are surrounded by water molecules.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of a strong acid?

Accepted Answer

Hydrochloric acid ($$HCl)$$

Question 10

A solution has a pH of 8. Which of the following best describes this solution?

Accepted Answer

It is basic, with a lower $$[H^+]$$ than a neutral solution.

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why water is an excellent solvent for ionic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Water molecules are polar and can surround and separate positive and negative ions.

Question 12

Which of the following is true regarding the relationship between pH and $$[H^+]$$?

Accepted Answer

As pH decreases, $$[H^+]$$ increases.

Question 13

A buffer system in blood consists of bicarbonate ($$HCO_3$$^-$$) and carbonic acid (H_2CO_3$). What will happen if a strong acid is added to the blood?

Accepted Answer

Bicarbonate ions will combine with $$H^+ to $$form carbonic acid.

Question 14

Which of the following best describes an electrolyte?

Accepted Answer

A substance that dissociates into ions in solution and conducts electricity.

Question 15

If a solution has $$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-9}$$ \ \mathrm{mol/L}$$, what is its pH?

Accepted Answer

$$9$$

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct example of a salt formed from an acid-base reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$HCl + NaOH \rightarrow NaCl + H_2O$$

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the effect of water’s high heat of vaporization on the human body?

Accepted Answer

It allows for effective cooling through sweating.

Question 18

A solution with a pH of 2 has how many times more $$[H^+]$$ than a solution with a pH of 5?

Accepted Answer

1000 times more

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a property of water that is essential for life?

Accepted Answer

Water has a very low heat capacity.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why changes in electrolyte concentrations can affect heart and nerve function?

Accepted Answer

Electrolytes are ions that are necessary for electrical signaling in cells.

Basic Chemistry for Anatomy & Physiology: Inorganic Molecules, Water, Acids, Bases, Salts, pH, and Buffers

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드