Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between anatomy and physiology?

Accepted Answer

Anatomy is the study of the structure of body parts, while physiology is the study of their function.

Question 2

A patient presents with a burn that affects both the epidermis and the entire dermis, but not underlying tissues. Which degree of burn does this represent?

Accepted Answer

Third-degree burn

Question 3

Which of the following is a correct example of a catabolic reaction in human metabolism?

Accepted Answer

Breakdown of glucose to produce ATP

Question 4

Which equation correctly represents the overall reaction for aerobic glucose catabolism?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$ + 6\,O_2$ \rightarrow 6\,CO_2$ + 6\,H_2O + ATP$$

Question 5

Which of the following best describes the function of ATP in cellular metabolism?

Accepted Answer

ATP provides energy for cellular processes by releasing a phosphate group.

Question 6

A histology slide shows a tissue with multiple layers of flat cells. Which type of epithelial tissue is this?

Accepted Answer

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT a function of the integumentary system?

Accepted Answer

Production of red blood cells

Question 8

Which of the following statements about homeostasis is correct?

Accepted Answer

Homeostasis involves maintaining a stable internal environment using feedback loops.

Question 9

A patient has a deficiency in collagen production. Which tissue type would be most affected?

Accepted Answer

Connective tissue

Question 10

Which of the following best explains the difference between hypertrophy and hyperplasia?

Accepted Answer

Hypertrophy is an increase in cell size; hyperplasia is an increase in cell number.

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of the hypodermis?

Accepted Answer

Storage of fat and insulation

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct description of the anatomical position?

Accepted Answer

Standing upright, facing forward, arms at sides, palms facing forward

Question 13

Which of the following is a major function of the mitochondria in human cells?

Accepted Answer

ATP production through oxidative phosphorylation

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the role of the sodium-potassium pump in cell physiology?

Accepted Answer

It uses ATP to actively transport sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell.

Question 15

A patient is diagnosed with basal cell carcinoma. Which layer of the skin is primarily affected?

Accepted Answer

Stratum basale

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct example of a negative feedback mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Regulation of blood glucose by insulin

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream; exocrine glands secrete substances into ducts.

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of keratinocytes in the epidermis?

Accepted Answer

Formation of a waterproof barrier

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why ATP is considered a high-energy molecule?

Accepted Answer

ATP contains three phosphate groups with unstable bonds that release energy when broken.

Question 20

A patient with third-degree burns over 20% of their body surface area is at risk for which of the following complications?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration and infection

BIO 141 Module 1: Anatomy & Physiology Study Guide

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