Question 1

Which property of water is most responsible for its ability to help maintain a stable internal body temperature despite external temperature fluctuations?

Accepted Answer

High heat capacity

Question 2

A patient presents with a blood pH of 7.0 during cardiopulmonary resuscitation. According to the study materials, what is the clinical significance of this finding?

Accepted Answer

It predicts a poor outcome.

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the difference between saturated and unsaturated fatty acids at room temperature?

Accepted Answer

Saturated fatty acids are solid, unsaturated fatty acids are liquid.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a function of triglycerides in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Catalyzing chemical reactions

Question 5

A solution has a hydrogen ion concentration of $$[H^+] = 1 	imes 10$$^{-5}$$ M. What is its pH?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = 5$$

Question 6

Which of the following statements about enzymes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Enzymes lower the activation energy required for a reaction.

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why water is an effective solvent for ionic compounds?

Accepted Answer

Water forms hydration layers around charged particles due to its polarity.

Question 8

Which of the following is a correct example of a dehydration synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

Glucose + fructose $$\rightarrow$$ sucrose + water

Question 9

A protein is exposed to high heat and extreme pH, causing it to lose its three-dimensional structure. What is this process called?

Accepted Answer

Denaturation

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the structure of a phospholipid?

Accepted Answer

Glycerol, two fatty acids, and a phosphate group

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct statement about the pH scale?

Accepted Answer

A solution with pH 4 is 100 times more acidic than a solution with pH 6.

Question 12

Which of the following is a function of prostaglandins, a type of eicosanoid?

Accepted Answer

Blood clotting and inflammation

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the primary structure of a protein?

Accepted Answer

The linear sequence of amino acids

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a carbohydrate and its function in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Glycogen: energy storage in animals

Question 15

Which of the following is true regarding the structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

It is a double helix composed of deoxyribose, phosphate, and nitrogenous bases.

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why trans fats are considered unhealthy?

Accepted Answer

They are modified unsaturated fats that resemble saturated fats and are linked to health risks.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct description of the process by which ATP provides energy to cellular processes?

Accepted Answer

ATP is hydrolyzed to ADP and a phosphate group, releasing energy.

Question 18

A patient is found to have a genetic mutation that substitutes valine for glutamic acid in hemoglobin. What is the likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Abnormal red blood cell function, as seen in sickle cell disease

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of cholesterol in the body?

Accepted Answer

It is a starting material for vitamin D, steroid hormones, and bile salts.

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why ionic balance is vital for homeostasis in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Ions play specialized roles in body functions such as nerve impulse transmission and muscle contraction.

LECTURE Chapter 2 – Better Living Through Chemistry - Part 2

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