$$\text{Hematocrit} = \frac{\text{Volume of erythrocytes}}{\text{Total blood volume}} \times 100$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the composition of whole blood after centrifugation?

Accepted Answer

Erythrocytes at the bottom, buffy coat in the middle, plasma at the top

Question 2

A patient has a hematocrit of 60%. Which of the following is most likely true?

Accepted Answer

The patient has a higher than normal percentage of red blood cells, possibly due to polycythemia

Question 3

Which plasma protein is primarily responsible for maintaining blood colloidal osmotic pressure (BCOP)?

Accepted Answer

Albumin

Question 4

Which of the following is the correct sequence for the differentiation of a neutrophil from a hemocytoblast?

Accepted Answer

Hemocytoblast $$\rightarrow$$ Myeloid stem cell $$\rightarrow$$ Progenitor cell $$\rightarrow$$ Myeloblast $$\rightarrow$$ Neutrophil

Question 5

Which of the following statements about erythrocytes is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They are biconcave, anucleate cells specialized for oxygen transport

Question 6

A deficiency in which plasma protein would most directly impair the formation of a blood clot?

Accepted Answer

Fibrinogen

Question 7

Which of the following is a function of blood that helps maintain homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Transporting metabolic waste to the lungs and kidneys for removal

Question 8

Which cell type is responsible for producing antibodies?

Accepted Answer

Plasma cell (derived from B lymphocyte)

Question 9

During hemostasis, which phase involves vasoconstriction in response to vessel injury?

Accepted Answer

Vascular phase

Question 10

A patient with sickle cell anemia is likely to experience which of the following complications?

Accepted Answer

RBCs that rupture easily and block small blood vessels, leading to pain and organ damage

Question 11

Which of the following equations correctly represents the calculation of hematocrit?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Hematocrit} = \frac{	ext{Volume of erythrocytes}}{	ext{Total blood volume}} 	imes 100$$

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a function of albumin in blood plasma?

Accepted Answer

Serving as a precursor for fibrin formation

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of platelets in hemostasis?

Accepted Answer

They form a temporary plug by adhering to damaged vessel walls and to each other

Question 14

Which pathway is activated when tissue factor is released from damaged tissue, leading to rapid clot formation?

Accepted Answer

Extrinsic pathway

Question 15

Which of the following is a limiting factor that prevents normal blood clots from growing too large?

Accepted Answer

Binding of antithrombin to thrombin

Question 16

A patient is diagnosed with hemophilia A. Which clotting factor is deficient?

Accepted Answer

Factor VIII (antihemophilic factor)

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why the biconcave shape of erythrocytes is advantageous?

Accepted Answer

It increases surface area for gas exchange and enables flexibility to pass through capillaries

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct order of events in the formation of a blood clot?

Accepted Answer

Vascular spasm $$\rightarrow$$ Platelet plug formation $$\rightarrow$$ Coagulation

Question 19

Which of the following is a granulocyte that increases in number during parasitic infections and allergic reactions?

Accepted Answer

Eosinophil

Blood

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