Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones

Question 2

Compact bone is primarily composed of which structural unit?

Accepted Answer

Osteons

Question 3

Which type of bone is best described as being deep to the compact bone and composed of trabeculae?

Accepted Answer

Spongy bone

Question 4

A patient presents with a fracture in the patella. Which bone shape classification does the patella belong to?

Accepted Answer

Sesamoid

Question 5

Which structure in a long bone is responsible for housing red bone marrow?

Accepted Answer

Spongy bone

Question 6

Osteocytes reside in small cavities within the bone matrix called:

Accepted Answer

Lacunae

Question 7

Which canal runs perpendicular to the central (Haversian) canal and allows blood vessels and nerves to connect between osteons?

Accepted Answer

Perforating (Volkmann's) canal

Question 8

A long bone such as the femur has both proximal and distal epiphyses. Which region is found between these two ends?

Accepted Answer

Diaphysis

Question 9

Which formula correctly represents the total number of bones in the adult human skeleton?

Accepted Answer

$$206$$

Question 10

Which of the following bone shapes is exemplified by the vertebrae?

Accepted Answer

Irregular

Question 11

Which feature of compact bone provides strength through its mineralized extracellular matrix?

Accepted Answer

Lamellae

Question 12

A patient with osteoporosis is at risk for fractures due to decreased bone density. Which part of the bone is most affected by this loss?

Accepted Answer

Spongy bone (trabeculae)

Question 13

Which structure anchors the periosteum to the underlying bone?

Accepted Answer

Sharpey's fibers

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct description of the function of trabeculae in spongy bone?

Accepted Answer

Resist compression

Question 15

Which equation best represents the relationship between the number of cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae in the human spine?

Accepted Answer

$$7_{cervical} + 12_{thoracic} + 5_{lumbar} = 24_{vertebrae}$$

Question 16

Which of the following is a real-life consequence of damage to the central (Haversian) canal in compact bone?

Accepted Answer

Impaired blood supply to osteocytes

Question 17

A marathon runner experiences microfractures in the femur. Which bone tissue structure is most responsible for repairing these microfractures?

Accepted Answer

Osteons

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the location of red bone marrow in adults?

Accepted Answer

Within the trabeculae of spongy bone

Question 19

Which structure allows for communication and nutrient exchange between osteocytes in compact bone?

Accepted Answer

Canaliculi

Question 20

A patient suffers a bone injury that disrupts the circumferential lamellae. What is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Reduced overall bone strength and stability

Bone Tissue and Physiology: Structure and Function of the Skeletal System

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