$$\text{Inorganic matrix} = 65\% \text{ of bone's total weight}$$

$$\text{Stress} = \frac{\text{Force}}{\text{Area}}$$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones for metabolism

Question 2

A patient presents with a fracture in a bone that is roughly cube-shaped and about as long as it is wide. Which type of bone is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Short bone

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the structure of compact bone?

Accepted Answer

It is organized into units called osteons, which contain concentric lamellae surrounding a central canal.

Question 4

Which protein fiber is predominant in the organic matrix of bone, providing tensile strength?

Accepted Answer

Collagen

Question 5

During bone growth, the epiphyseal plate is responsible for:

Accepted Answer

Allowing bones to increase in length through endochondral ossification

Question 6

Which of the following equations correctly represents the percentage of inorganic matrix in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Inorganic matrix} = 65\% 	ext{ of bone's total weight}$$

Question 7

A child is diagnosed with a condition that impairs the function of osteoblasts. Which process will be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Bone formation

Question 8

Which of the following statements about spongy bone is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It contains trabeculae that provide structural support and house bone marrow.

Question 9

Which cell type is responsible for breaking down bone matrix during bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts

Question 10

A patient with osteoporosis is at increased risk for fractures because:

Accepted Answer

Their bones have decreased mineral density, making them less resistant to compression.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes endochondral ossification?

Accepted Answer

Bone forms by replacing a hyaline cartilage model.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in intramembranous ossification?

Accepted Answer

Mesenchymal cells differentiate into osteoblasts, which secrete osteoid, followed by mineralization.

Question 13

Which of the following bones is classified as a sesamoid bone?

Accepted Answer

Patella

Question 14

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the blood supply to compact bone?

Accepted Answer

Blood vessels run through central canals in osteons.

Question 15

Which equation correctly represents the relationship between stress and strain in bone, as described in the study materials?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Stress} = \frac{	ext{Force}}{	ext{Area}}$$

Question 16

Which of the following statements about yellow bone marrow is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is primarily composed of adipose tissue and serves as a site for fat storage.

Question 17

A long bone is fractured at the diaphysis. Which structure is most likely to be damaged?

Accepted Answer

Medullary cavity

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of osteocytes?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining bone matrix and communicating with other bone cells via canaliculi

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why bones are both strong and resistant to compression?

Accepted Answer

The presence of collagen fibers and hydroxyapatite crystals in the bone matrix

Question 20

A patient has a tumor that is destroying the periosteum of a long bone. Which of the following consequences is most likely?

Accepted Answer

Impaired attachment of tendons and ligaments to the bone

Bones and Bone Tissue: Structure, Function, and Formation

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