Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of bone tissue in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones

Question 2

A patient suffers a fracture in the shaft of their femur. Which anatomical term best describes the location of this injury?

Accepted Answer

Diaphysis

Question 3

Which of the following statements about compact and spongy bone is correct?

Accepted Answer

Compact bone forms the dense outer layer, while spongy bone consists of a honeycomb of trabeculae

Question 4

During endochondral ossification, which of the following events occurs FIRST?

Accepted Answer

Formation of the bone collar around the diaphysis

Question 5

Which type of cartilage is found covering the articular surfaces of long bones?

Accepted Answer

Hyaline cartilage

Question 6

A child is diagnosed with a disorder affecting hematopoiesis. Which part of their bone is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Red bone marrow in the spongy bone

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the periosteum?

Accepted Answer

A double-layered membrane covering the external surface of bone, rich in nerves and blood vessels

Question 8

Which cell type is responsible for bone resorption during bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts

Question 9

A histological section of bone reveals concentric rings surrounding a central canal. What is the name of this structural unit?

Accepted Answer

Osteon (Haversian system)

Question 10

Which process is responsible for the formation of most flat bones, such as those of the skull?

Accepted Answer

Intramembranous ossification

Question 11

A patient with a genetic defect in collagen synthesis is likely to have bones that are:

Accepted Answer

Brittle and prone to fracture due to poor organic matrix

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of Sharpey's (perforating) fibers?

Accepted Answer

They secure the periosteum to the underlying bone

Question 13

Which equation best represents the mineral component of bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

$$Ca_{10}(PO_4$)_6(OH)_2$$

Question 14

During bone development, which event distinguishes endochondral ossification from intramembranous ossification?

Accepted Answer

Formation of bone from a hyaline cartilage model

Question 15

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the medullary cavity of a long bone in an adult?

Accepted Answer

It contains yellow bone marrow primarily composed of fat

Question 16

A 10-year-old child has a fracture that disrupts the epiphyseal plate. What is the most likely long-term consequence?

Accepted Answer

Impaired bone lengthening at the site of injury

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the difference between osteoblasts and osteocytes?

Accepted Answer

Osteoblasts secrete bone matrix, while osteocytes maintain the bone matrix

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct sequence of events in intramembranous ossification?

Accepted Answer

Ossification center appears, osteoid is secreted, woven bone and periosteum form, compact bone forms

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why bones are able to act as levers for muscle action?

Accepted Answer

Bones are rigid and provide attachment points for muscles

Question 20

A patient with osteoporosis has a decrease in bone mass. Which component of bone is most affected?

Accepted Answer

Inorganic mineral salts (hydroxyapatite)

Bones and Skeletal Tissues: Structure and Function

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