$$\text{Mineral salts} = 65\% \times \text{Bone mass}$$

$$\text{Bone hardness} \propto \text{Calcium phosphate content}$$

Question 1

Which type of cartilage is most abundant in the human skeleton and provides support, flexibility, and resilience?

Accepted Answer

Hyaline cartilage

Question 2

A patient presents with a torn meniscus in the knee. Which type of cartilage is primarily affected?

Accepted Answer

Fibrocartilage

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a function of bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Production of insulin

Question 4

During bone growth, which process involves chondroblasts in the perichondrium producing new matrix and adding to existing cartilage from the outside?

Accepted Answer

Appositional growth

Question 5

Which bone cell type is responsible for bone resorption and is derived from white blood cell lineage?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast

Question 6

A long bone consists of a shaft and two ends. What is the name of the shaft portion?

Accepted Answer

Diaphysis

Question 7

Which membrane covers the external surface of compact bone (except at joints) and contains osteogenic stem cells?

Accepted Answer

Periosteum

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the function of osteocytes?

Accepted Answer

Mature bone cells that monitor and maintain bone matrix

Question 9

Which type of bone is classified as thin, flat, and slightly curved, and includes the sternum and most skull bones?

Accepted Answer

Flat bone

Question 10

A patient with anemia may have yellow marrow converted to red marrow. Where is red marrow primarily found in adults?

Accepted Answer

Heads of femur and humerus, and diploe of flat bones

Question 11

Which structural unit of compact bone acts as a weight-bearing pillar and consists of several rings of bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

Osteon

Question 12

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the chemical composition of bone?

Accepted Answer

Osteoid provides bone with strength and flexibility

Question 13

Which type of cartilage contains elastic fibers and is found in the external ear and epiglottis?

Accepted Answer

Elastic cartilage

Question 14

Which of the following equations correctly represents the percentage of bone mass made up by mineral salts?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Mineral salts} = 65\% 	imes 	ext{Bone mass}$$

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the function of canaliculi in compact bone?

Accepted Answer

They connect lacunae and allow communication between osteocytes

Question 16

A fracture occurs at the epiphyseal line of a long bone. What is the clinical significance of this location?

Accepted Answer

It is a remnant of the childhood growth plate

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct sequence for the differentiation of bone cells?

Accepted Answer

Osteogenic cell → Osteoblast → Osteocyte

Question 18

Which of the following is a real-life example of fibrocartilage providing tensile strength and compression tolerance?

Accepted Answer

Menisci of the knee

Question 19

Which equation best represents the relationship between bone hardness and mineral content?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Bone hardness} \propto 	ext{Calcium phosphate content}$$

Question 20

Which of the following structures is responsible for anchoring tendons and ligaments to bone?

Accepted Answer

Periosteum

Bones and Skeletal Tissues: Structure, Function, and Composition

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제