$$\text{Recycled bone mass} = (0.05 \text{ to } 0.07) \times \text{Total bone mass}$$

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function performed by bones?

Accepted Answer

Production of insulin

Question 2

Which type of cartilage is primarily found covering the articular surfaces of long bones?

Accepted Answer

Hyaline cartilage

Question 3

A patient presents with low blood calcium levels. Which hormone is most likely to be secreted to increase blood calcium?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the process of endochondral ossification?

Accepted Answer

Bone replaces a hyaline cartilage model

Question 5

Which cell type is responsible for bone resorption?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts

Question 6

During bone remodeling, approximately what percentage of bone mass is recycled each week?

Accepted Answer

5-7%

Question 7

Which of the following structures is the central core of each osteon in compact bone?

Accepted Answer

Central (Haversian) canal

Question 8

A fracture that results in bone fragments being out of alignment is classified as:

Accepted Answer

Displaced

Question 9

Which of the following is an inorganic component of bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

Calcium phosphate

Question 10

Which law states that bone grows and remodels in response to the demands placed on it?

Accepted Answer

Wolff's Law

Question 11

If blood calcium levels increase above normal, which hormone is secreted to decrease calcium levels?

Accepted Answer

Calcitonin

Question 12

Which of the following bones is formed by intramembranous ossification?

Accepted Answer

Mandible

Question 13

Which zone of the epiphyseal plate is responsible for new cartilage cell production during longitudinal bone growth?

Accepted Answer

Proliferation zone

Question 14

A patient with osteoporosis is at increased risk for which type of fracture?

Accepted Answer

Compression fracture

Question 15

Which of the following best describes appositional bone growth?

Accepted Answer

Growth in thickness of bone

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct sequence of steps in bone repair after a fracture?

Accepted Answer

Hematoma formation, Fibrocartilaginous callus formation, Bony callus formation, Bone remodeling

Question 17

Which equation best represents the relationship between bone mass recycled per week and total bone mass?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Recycled bone mass} = (0.05 	ext{ to } 0.07) 	imes 	ext{Total bone mass}$$

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct description of osteocytes?

Accepted Answer

Bone cells trapped in lacunae and connected by canaliculi

Question 19

Which of the following is a risk factor for developing osteomalacia or rickets?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D deficiency

Question 20

A patient has a bone disorder where the bone matrix is deficient in hydroxyapatite. Which component is most affected?

Accepted Answer

Inorganic matrix

Bones & Skeletal Tissues: Structure, Function, and Disorders

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