Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the perichondrium in cartilage?

Accepted Answer

It resists outward expansion and contains blood vessels for nutrient delivery.

Question 2

A patient presents with a torn meniscus in the knee. Which type of cartilage is most likely damaged?

Accepted Answer

Fibrocartilage

Question 3

Which process describes the growth of cartilage from the inside out, where chondrocytes divide and secrete new matrix?

Accepted Answer

Interstitial growth

Question 4

Which of the following bones is classified as a flat bone?

Accepted Answer

Sternum

Question 5

A forensic scientist finds a bone that is thin, slightly curved, and contains a layer of spongy bone sandwiched between two layers of compact bone. Which bone type is this?

Accepted Answer

Flat bone

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a function of bone?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of vitamin D

Question 7

Which structure in a long bone is responsible for the growth in length during childhood?

Accepted Answer

Epiphyseal plate

Question 8

A patient with anemia may experience a conversion of yellow marrow to red marrow. Where is this most likely to occur in an adult?

Accepted Answer

Flat bones such as the sternum

Question 9

Which bone cell type is responsible for bone resorption and is derived from hematopoietic stem cells?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the arrangement of collagen fibers in the lamellae of an osteon?

Accepted Answer

They run in different directions in adjacent rings.

Question 11

Which of the following equations best represents the main inorganic component of bone matrix?

Accepted Answer

$$\mathrm{Ca_{10}(PO_4$)_6(OH)_2}$$

Question 12

A patient suffers a fracture that exposes the medullary cavity filled with yellow marrow. Which part of the bone has been damaged?

Accepted Answer

Diaphysis

Question 13

Which of the following bone markings is correctly matched with its function?

Accepted Answer

Condyle – helps form joints

Question 14

Which of the following statements about spongy bone is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It is organized along lines of stress and contains trabeculae.

Question 15

Which cell type is primarily responsible for secreting the organic matrix of bone?

Accepted Answer

Osteoblasts

Question 16

A patient with a genetic defect in collagen synthesis would most likely have bones that are:

Accepted Answer

Less flexible and more brittle

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why bones can reveal information about ancient illnesses or trauma?

Accepted Answer

The mineral composition of bone allows it to last long after death.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct statement about the periosteum?

Accepted Answer

It is a double-layered membrane covering the external surface of bone except at joints.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of osteocytes in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

They maintain bone matrix and act as stress sensors.

Question 20

A patient with osteoporosis has bones that are weak due to loss of mineral content. Which component is primarily deficient?

Accepted Answer

Hydroxyapatite

Bones and Skeletal Tissues: Structure, Function, and Classification lecture A

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