Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Hormone secretion

Question 2

A bone that is classified by its shape as being longer than it is wide, such as the femur, is known as a:

Accepted Answer

Long bone

Question 3

Which structure in a long bone serves as the site for blood cell production?

Accepted Answer

Marrow cavity

Question 4

The mineral hydroxyapatite, which gives bone its hardness, has the chemical formula:

Accepted Answer

$$Ca_5$$($$PO_4)_3(OH$$)$$

Question 5

Which cell type is responsible for bone resorption during bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclast

Question 6

During endochondral ossification, the primary ossification center forms in the:

Accepted Answer

Diaphysis

Question 7

Which hormone increases the rate of cell division of chondrocytes in the epiphyseal plate, promoting bone growth in children?

Accepted Answer

Growth hormone

Question 8

A patient with low blood calcium levels would most likely have increased secretion of which hormone?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the process of appositional bone growth?

Accepted Answer

Osteoblasts lay down new bone on the surface, increasing bone width

Question 10

Which of the following is the correct sequence for the zones of the epiphyseal plate from the epiphysis to the diaphysis?

Accepted Answer

Zone of reserve cartilage, zone of proliferation, zone of hypertrophy and maturation, zone of calcification

Question 11

Which of the following statements about compact bone is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Each osteon contains between 4 and 20 lamellae

Question 12

A fracture that results in the bone breaking into multiple pieces is classified as a:

Accepted Answer

Comminuted fracture

Question 13

Which vitamin is essential for calcium ion homeostasis due to its effect on calcium absorption from the gut?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D

Question 14

During bone repair, what is the correct order of events?

Accepted Answer

Hematoma fills the gap, fibroblasts and chondroblasts form a soft callus, osteoblasts build a bone callus, bone callus is remodeled

Question 15

Which of the following factors does NOT influence bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

Blood pressure

Question 16

If a child’s epiphyseal plate closes prematurely due to excess estrogen, what is the likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

Longitudinal bone growth will stop early, resulting in shorter stature

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of osteocytes in bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

They maintain bone matrix and reside in lacunae

Question 18

A patient with osteoporosis is likely to have an imbalance favoring which process?

Accepted Answer

Bone resorption

Question 19

Which structure allows blood vessels and nerves to travel through compact bone?

Accepted Answer

Central canal

Question 20

If the blood calcium level rises above the homeostatic range, which hormone is secreted to lower it?

Accepted Answer

Calcitonin

Bones as Organs: Structure, Growth, Remodeling, and Repair

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