Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of the skeletal system?

Accepted Answer

Production of hormones

Question 2

A patient suffers a fracture in the diaphysis of their femur. Which type of bone tissue primarily composes this region?

Accepted Answer

Compact bone

Question 3

Which structure is responsible for securing the periosteum to the underlying bone?

Accepted Answer

Perforating (Sharpey's) fibers

Question 4

During bone growth, which process allows bones to increase in width?

Accepted Answer

Appositional growth

Question 5

A 7-year-old child is found to have red bone marrow in the medullary cavity of their long bones. What is the primary function of this tissue?

Accepted Answer

Blood cell formation (hematopoiesis)

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the microscopic structure of compact bone?

Accepted Answer

Osteons (Haversian systems) with concentric lamellae around a central canal

Question 7

A patient with low blood calcium levels is likely to have increased activity of which hormone, and what is its effect on bone?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH); stimulates osteoclasts to break down bone and release calcium

Question 8

Which of the following correctly matches the joint type with its functional classification?

Accepted Answer

Suture – Synarthrosis

Question 9

A patient presents with a break in the bone that penetrates the skin. What type of fracture is this, and what is the recommended initial treatment?

Accepted Answer

Open (compound) fracture; open reduction and immobilization

Question 10

Which sequence correctly describes the stages of bone fracture repair?

Accepted Answer

Hematoma formation → Fibrocartilage callus formation → Bony callus formation → Bone remodeling

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why bones are both strong and flexible?

Accepted Answer

Bones contain collagen fibers for flexibility and calcium salts for hardness

Question 12

A 60-year-old woman is diagnosed with osteoporosis. Which of the following best describes the pathophysiology of this condition?

Accepted Answer

Decreased bone mass due to increased bone resorption relative to bone formation

Question 13

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of synovial joints?

Accepted Answer

Presence of a joint cavity filled with synovial fluid

Question 14

A dentist is examining the joint where a tooth meets the jawbone. What type of joint is this, and what is its mobility classification?

Accepted Answer

Gomphosis; immobile (synarthrosis)

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the role of canaliculi in compact bone?

Accepted Answer

They form a transport system connecting osteocytes to a nutrient supply

Question 16

A 15-year-old athlete has an injury to the epiphyseal plate of the femur. What is the most likely consequence if the injury is not properly treated?

Accepted Answer

Impaired lengthwise growth of the femur

Question 17

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between bone resorption and bone formation in healthy adults?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta B = F - R = 0$$

Question 18

Which type of synovial joint allows for the greatest range of motion, and where is it found in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Ball-and-socket joint; shoulder and hip

Question 19

A patient with hypercalcemia is likely to experience which of the following physiological responses?

Accepted Answer

Increased calcium storage in bones by osteoblasts

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference between a closed (simple) and an open (compound) fracture?

Accepted Answer

A closed fracture does not penetrate the skin, while an open fracture does

Bones: Structure, Function, and Classification in Human Anatomy

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