$$\text{Plasma Membrane} = \text{Phospholipids} + \text{Cholesterol} + \text{Proteins}$$

$$\text{Glucose} + \text{O}_2 \rightarrow \text{CO}_2 + \text{H}_2\text{O} + \text{ATP}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the plasma membrane in a typical animal cell?

Accepted Answer

It separates the cell contents from the surrounding environment and regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell.

Question 2

A patient is diagnosed with a disorder affecting the mitochondria. Which cellular process is most likely to be impaired?

Accepted Answer

Energy production in the form of ATP

Question 3

Which of the following cell junctions prevents cells from being pulled apart and is reinforced by protein filaments?

Accepted Answer

Desmosomes

Question 4

Which organelle is responsible for modifying and packaging proteins for secretion outside the cell?

Accepted Answer

Golgi apparatus

Question 5

A tissue sample shows cells with a single layer of flattened cells resting on a basement membrane. Which type of epithelium is this?

Accepted Answer

Simple squamous epithelium

Question 6

Which connective tissue type is most abundant and responsible for supporting, protecting, and binding other tissues?

Accepted Answer

Connective tissue

Question 7

A patient suffers a tendon injury. Why does this tissue heal slowly compared to other tissues?

Accepted Answer

Tendons are avascular and have a poor blood supply.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the function of cilia on epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

They move substances along the cell surface.

Question 9

Which type of muscle tissue is striated, attached to bones, and under voluntary control?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle

Question 10

A blood clot forms after an injury. Which process describes the replacement of destroyed tissue by the same kind of cells?

Accepted Answer

Regeneration

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of adipose tissue?

Accepted Answer

Stores fat and insulates the body

Question 12

Which structure is the control center of the cell and contains genetic material?

Accepted Answer

Nucleus

Question 13

Which of the following best explains why stratified squamous epithelium is found in areas subject to friction?

Accepted Answer

It has several layers of cells that protect underlying tissues from abrasion.

Question 14

Which organelle contains digestive enzymes that break down worn-out cell structures and foreign substances?

Accepted Answer

Lysosome

Question 15

A patient has a mutation causing cells to multiply uncontrollably, forming an abnormal mass. What is this condition called?

Accepted Answer

Neoplasm

Question 16

Which of the following equations correctly represents the composition of the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Plasma Membrane} = 	ext{Phospholipids} + 	ext{Cholesterol} + 	ext{Proteins}$$

Question 17

Which type of connective tissue forms supporting disks between vertebrae and is highly compressible?

Accepted Answer

Fibrocartilage

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the function of microvilli on epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

They increase the surface area for absorption.

Question 19

A patient has a deficiency in collagen fibers. Which tissue property would be most affected?

Accepted Answer

High tensile strength

Question 20

Which equation best represents the process of ATP production in mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Glucose} + 	ext{O}_2 ightarrow 	ext{CO}_2 + 	ext{H}_2	ext{O} + 	ext{ATP}$$

Cells and Body Tissues: Structure and Function in Anatomy & Physiology

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