Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of the blood-brain barrier?

Accepted Answer

It selectively restricts the passage of water-soluble substances and pathogens from the blood into the brain, while allowing lipid-soluble molecules to cross.

Question 2

A patient suffers a traumatic injury that damages the dorsal root of a spinal nerve. Which of the following symptoms would most likely result?

Accepted Answer

Loss of sensory perception from the affected region.

Question 3

Which of the following correctly matches a brain region with its associated ventricle?

Accepted Answer

Diencephalon – Third ventricle

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a function of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

Accepted Answer

Transmitting electrical impulses between neurons

Question 5

A lesion in the ventral horn of the spinal cord would most likely affect which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Somatic motor function

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the difference between gray matter and white matter in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Gray matter contains mostly neuron cell bodies and dendrites, while white matter contains mostly myelinated axons.

Question 7

During embryonic development, the prosencephalon gives rise to which adult brain structures?

Accepted Answer

Cerebrum and diencephalon

Question 8

Which of the following correctly lists the order of the meninges from superficial (closest to the skull) to deep (closest to the brain)?

Accepted Answer

Dura mater, arachnoid membrane, pia mater

Question 9

A patient presents with a blockage in the cerebral aqueduct. Which of the following ventricles would most likely become enlarged as a result?

Accepted Answer

Lateral ventricles and third ventricle

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is correct?

Accepted Answer

CSF is produced by the choroid plexus in the ventricles and flows into the subarachnoid space before being reabsorbed into the blood.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the function of ascending tracts in the spinal cord?

Accepted Answer

They carry sensory information from the body to the brain.

Question 12

A patient has a tumor compressing the ventral root of a spinal nerve. Which of the following symptoms would you expect?

Accepted Answer

Loss of voluntary muscle movement in the affected area

Question 13

Which of the following structures is responsible for producing cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)?

Accepted Answer

Choroid plexus

Question 14

Which of the following is a correct pairing of a brain region and its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Frontal lobe – Voluntary motor control

Question 15

Which of the following best explains why the brain 'floats' in cerebrospinal fluid?

Accepted Answer

CSF provides buoyancy, reducing the effective weight of the brain and preventing it from compressing nervous tissue against the skull.

Question 16

Which of the following statements about the organization of the spinal cord is correct?

Accepted Answer

The lateral horns contain visceral motor nuclei.

Question 17

A patient is exposed to a toxin that disrupts the tight junctions between endothelial cells in brain capillaries. Which of the following is the most likely consequence?

Accepted Answer

Increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier, allowing potentially harmful substances to enter the brain.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of astrocytes in the blood-brain barrier?

Accepted Answer

Their foot processes promote the formation of tight junctions between endothelial cells.

Question 19

Which of the following is the correct sequence for the flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from its site of production to its reabsorption into the blood?

Accepted Answer

Choroid plexus → ventricles → subarachnoid space → blood

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the function of the corpus callosum?

Accepted Answer

It connects the left and right cerebral hemispheres, allowing communication between them.

Central Nervous System: Structure, Development, and Protection

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