Question 1

Which of the following best describes the primary function of the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

Returning interstitial fluid to the bloodstream and providing immune defense

Question 2

Lymph is most similar in composition to which of the following fluids?

Accepted Answer

Blood plasma

Question 3

Which anatomical feature of lymphatic capillaries allows them to absorb interstitial fluid effectively?

Accepted Answer

Overlapping endothelial cells that act as one-way valves

Question 4

Which of the following best explains why lymph nodes have multiple afferent vessels but only one efferent vessel?

Accepted Answer

To allow more lymph to enter and slow its passage for immune cell interaction

Question 5

Where is the thymus located, and what is its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Superior to the heart in the mediastinum; site of T cell maturation

Question 6

Which of the following is a key difference between innate and adaptive immunity?

Accepted Answer

Innate immunity provides immediate, non-specific defense; adaptive immunity is specific and develops memory

Question 7

Which lymphoid tissue is responsible for protecting mucosal surfaces from pathogen entry and what does MALT stand for?

Accepted Answer

Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue; protects respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive tracts

Question 8

Which of the following is NOT a function of the spleen?

Accepted Answer

Maturation of T cells

Question 9

A patient with a genetic defect in complement proteins would most likely have problems with which aspect of immunity?

Accepted Answer

Phagocytosis and lysis of pathogens

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the process of T cell activation?

Accepted Answer

Recognition of antigen presented by an antigen-presenting cell (APC) with MHC molecules

Question 11

Which immune cell is primarily responsible for producing antibodies?

Accepted Answer

Plasma cells derived from B cells

Question 12

Which of the following is an example of naturally acquired active immunity?

Accepted Answer

Recovering from a viral infection and developing memory cells

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of interferons in innate immunity?

Accepted Answer

They stimulate neighboring cells to produce antiviral proteins

Question 14

A patient develops a fever in response to a bacterial infection. What is the physiological benefit of this response?

Accepted Answer

Fever inhibits the growth of some pathogens and enhances immune reactions

Question 15

Which of the following is a characteristic of an abnormal immune response known as autoimmunity?

Accepted Answer

The immune system attacks the body's own tissues

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the difference between B cells and T cells in adaptive immunity?

Accepted Answer

B cells produce antibodies, T cells directly attack infected cells

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of immune surveillance in innate immunity?

Accepted Answer

Natural killer (NK) cells detecting and destroying abnormal cells

Question 18

A patient receives an injection of antibodies after exposure to rabies. This is an example of which type of immunity?

Accepted Answer

Artificially acquired passive immunity

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why inflammation is considered a beneficial innate defense?

Accepted Answer

It isolates injured areas, attracts immune cells, and promotes tissue repair

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the flow of lymph through the body?

Accepted Answer

Lymph flows from lymphatic capillaries to lymphatic vessels, through lymph nodes, and eventually drains into the subclavian veins

Chapter 14: The Lymphatic System and Immunity – Study Notes

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