Q: Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the mass number of an atom?

$$\text{Mass number} = \text{Number of protons} + \text{Number of neutrons}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between matter and energy?

Accepted Answer

Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space, while energy is the capacity to do work or put matter into motion.

Question 2

A patient is exposed to a radioisotope for medical imaging. Which property of radioisotopes makes them useful for this purpose?

Accepted Answer

They emit energy as they decay to more stable forms, which can be detected by medical scanners.

Question 3

Which of the following elements makes up the largest percentage of the human body by mass?

Accepted Answer

Oxygen

Question 4

An atom of lithium has 3 protons, 4 neutrons, and 3 electrons. What is its atomic number and mass number?

Accepted Answer

Atomic number: 3, Mass number: 7

Question 5

Which statement about isotopes is correct?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes of an element have the same number of protons but differ in the number of neutrons.

Question 6

Which form of energy is directly involved in moving matter?

Accepted Answer

Mechanical energy

Question 7

If an atom has 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 6 electrons, what is its atomic number and what element is it?

Accepted Answer

Atomic number: 6, Element: Carbon

Question 8

Energy conversions in the body are never 100% efficient. What typically happens to the 'lost' energy?

Accepted Answer

It is released as heat, which can be partly unusable.

Question 9

Which subatomic particle carries a positive charge and is found in the nucleus of an atom?

Accepted Answer

Proton

Question 10

A scientist is analyzing two atoms: Atom A has 8 protons and 8 neutrons, Atom B has 8 protons and 10 neutrons. What is the relationship between Atom A and Atom B?

Accepted Answer

They are isotopes of the same element.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the orbital model of the atom?

Accepted Answer

It depicts orbitals, probable regions where an electron is most likely to be found.

Question 12

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the mass number of an atom?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Mass number} = 	ext{Number of protons} + 	ext{Number of neutrons}$$

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT one of the four elements that make up 96% of the human body?

Accepted Answer

Phosphorus

Question 14

A radioisotope used in cancer treatment emits particles as it decays. What is the primary risk associated with exposure to these particles?

Accepted Answer

They can damage living tissues and increase cancer risk.

Question 15

Which of the following statements about electrons is correct?

Accepted Answer

Electrons carry a negative charge and have virtually no mass.

Question 16

A sample contains two isotopes of hydrogen: protium ($$^1	ext{H}) $$and deuterium ($$^2	ext{H}). $$What is the difference between these isotopes?

Accepted Answer

Deuterium has one neutron, while protium has none.

Question 17

Which of the following best explains why atoms are electrically neutral?

Accepted Answer

The number of positive protons is balanced by the number of negative electrons.

Question 18

Which of the following is the correct definition of atomic number?

Accepted Answer

The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom.

Question 19

Which of the following forms of energy travels in waves and includes visible light, ultraviolet light, and X-rays?

Accepted Answer

Radiant (electromagnetic) energy

Question 20

A lamp converts electrical energy to light energy. What principle does this illustrate?

Accepted Answer

Energy form conversions

Chapter 2: Basic Chemistry for Anatomy & Physiology

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