Question 1

Which of the following best describes the general formula for carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

$$C_nH_{2n}O_n = (CH_2O)_n$$

Question 2

Which functional group is responsible for the acidic property of biomolecules?

Accepted Answer

Carboxyl group ($$-COOH)$$

Question 3

Which of the following is a pentose sugar found in nucleic acids?

Accepted Answer

Ribose

Question 4

A disaccharide is formed by which type of reaction?

Accepted Answer

Dehydration synthesis

Question 5

Which of the following statements about monosaccharides is correct?

Accepted Answer

They are the simplest form of carbohydrates.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a function of carbohydrates in the body?

Accepted Answer

Catalyzing biochemical reactions

Question 7

Which of the following pairs is correctly matched as a disaccharide and its monosaccharide components?

Accepted Answer

Lactose: galactose + glucose

Question 8

Which functional group is found in all amino acids and acts as a base?

Accepted Answer

Amino group ($$-NH_2$)

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why monosaccharides are polar molecules?

Accepted Answer

They have several hydroxyl ($$-OH) $$groups.

Question 10

A patient is unable to digest lactose. Which enzyme is most likely deficient, and what are the monosaccharides that cannot be absorbed as a result?

Accepted Answer

Lactase; glucose and galactose

Question 11

Which of the following is a correct structural difference between glucose and fructose?

Accepted Answer

Glucose has an aldehyde group, while fructose has a ketone group.

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the role of the carbonyl group ($$C=O) in $$monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

It contributes to the polarity of the molecule.

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct example of a hexose sugar?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 14

If a carbohydrate has the formula $$C_6H_{12}O_6$, how many water molecules would be removed to form a disaccharide from two of these monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

One

Question 15

Which of the following functional groups is correctly matched with its chemical property?

Accepted Answer

Amino ($$-NH_2$): Base

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why carbohydrates are a major source of energy in the body?

Accepted Answer

They are easily oxidized to release energy.

Question 17

Which of the following is a correct statement about the structure of monosaccharides?

Accepted Answer

Hexoses typically form ring structures in solution.

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct match between a functional group and its formula?

Accepted Answer

Hydroxyl: $$-OH$$

Question 19

A student mixes glucose and fructose in a test tube and adds an enzyme that catalyzes dehydration synthesis. Which disaccharide will be formed?

Accepted Answer

Sucrose

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the difference between a monosaccharide and a disaccharide?

Accepted Answer

A monosaccharide is a simple sugar, while a disaccharide is formed by joining two monosaccharides via dehydration synthesis.

Chapter 2: Chemical Composition of the Body – Biomolecules

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