Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between mass and weight?

Accepted Answer

Mass is the amount of matter in an object, while weight is mass plus the effects of gravity.

Question 2

A patient is suffering from dehydration. Understanding chemistry and biochemistry is important in this scenario because:

Accepted Answer

It helps determine the most effective solutions to use for treating fluid loss.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a form of energy described in human physiology?

Accepted Answer

Gravitational energy

Question 4

Which statement about elements is correct?

Accepted Answer

Elements are substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical methods.

Question 5

Which four elements make up approximately 96% of the human body?

Accepted Answer

Carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen

Question 6

An atom of sodium (Na) loses one electron to become Na+. What type of particle is Na+ and what type of bond does it typically form?

Accepted Answer

Na+ is a cation and typically forms ionic bonds.

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why noble gases are chemically inert?

Accepted Answer

Their valence shells are full, so they do not tend to gain, lose, or share electrons.

Question 8

A molecule of water (H$$_2O) is $$formed when two hydrogen atoms share electrons with one oxygen atom. What type of bond is this?

Accepted Answer

Covalent bond

Question 9

Which of the following chemical reactions is an example of a decomposition reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$AB \rightarrow A + B$$

Question 10

In a redox (oxidation-reduction) reaction, which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

The atom that gains electrons is reduced.

Question 11

Which of the following best describes an exergonic reaction?

Accepted Answer

A reaction that results in a net release of energy, with products having less potential energy than reactants.

Question 12

Which factor does NOT typically increase the rate of a chemical reaction in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Decreasing the temperature

Question 13

A solution contains a catalyst that speeds up a reaction but is not consumed in the process. In biological systems, what is this catalyst most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

An enzyme

Question 14

Which of the following is the correct molecular formula for glucose?

Accepted Answer

$$C_6H_{12}O_6$

Question 15

If an atom has 7 electrons in its valence shell, what is it most likely to do in a chemical reaction?

Accepted Answer

Gain one electron to achieve a stable octet.

Question 16

Which of the following best describes a hydrogen bond?

Accepted Answer

A weak attraction between a hydrogen atom carrying a partial positive charge and an electronegative atom.

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of an exchange (displacement) reaction?

Accepted Answer

$$AB + CD \rightarrow AD + CB$$

Question 18

A molecule of methane ($$CH_4) is $$formed by sharing electrons between carbon and hydrogen atoms. How many total covalent bonds are present in methane?

Accepted Answer

4

Question 19

Which of the following best explains why smaller particles increase the rate of chemical reactions?

Accepted Answer

They have a greater surface area relative to their volume, increasing collision frequency.

Question 20

Which of the following is true regarding reversible chemical reactions?

Accepted Answer

Chemical equilibrium occurs if neither the forward nor reverse reaction is dominant.

LECTURE Chapter 2 – Better Living Through Chemistry - Part 1

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