$$2I, 1C, 2PM, 3M \times 2 = 32$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

It converts foods into raw materials that build and fuel our body’s cells.

Question 2

Which organ is NOT considered part of the alimentary canal?

Accepted Answer

Gallbladder

Question 3

During digestion, which process involves the movement of food through the alimentary canal by alternating waves of contraction and relaxation?

Accepted Answer

Peristalsis

Question 4

Which layer of the GI tract is responsible for segmentation and peristalsis?

Accepted Answer

Muscularis externa

Question 5

A patient presents with severe abdominal pain and signs of infection after a ruptured appendix. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Peritonitis

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the enteric nervous system is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It contains more neurons than the spinal cord.

Question 7

Which of the following is a function of the tongue during digestion?

Accepted Answer

Mixes food with saliva to form a bolus

Question 8

Which salivary gland produces mostly mucous secretions?

Accepted Answer

Sublingual gland

Question 9

What is the dental formula for permanent dentition in humans?

Accepted Answer

$$2I, 1C, 2PM, 3M 	imes 2 = 32$$

Question 10

Which structure anchors a tooth in its bony socket?

Accepted Answer

Periodontal ligament

Question 11

Which phase of swallowing is voluntary and occurs in the mouth?

Accepted Answer

Buccal phase

Question 12

Which cell type in the stomach secretes hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor?

Accepted Answer

Parietal cells

Question 13

A patient with pernicious anemia lacks which essential stomach secretion?

Accepted Answer

Intrinsic factor

Question 14

Which hormone stimulates contraction of the gallbladder and relaxation of the hepatopancreatic sphincter?

Accepted Answer

Cholecystokinin (CCK)

Question 15

Which structural modification of the small intestine increases surface area for absorption the most?

Accepted Answer

Microvilli

Question 16

Which process is responsible for the breakdown of macromolecules into absorbable monomers in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Enzymatic hydrolysis

Question 17

Which vitamin requires intrinsic factor for absorption in the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin B12

Question 18

Which of the following is a major function of the large intestine?

Accepted Answer

Absorption of water and elimination of feces

Question 19

Which motility pattern in the small intestine is primarily responsible for mixing chyme with digestive juices after a meal?

Accepted Answer

Segmentation

Question 20

A patient with celiac disease has impaired absorption due to damage of which structure?

Accepted Answer

Brush border of the small intestine

Chapter 23: The Digestive System – Anatomy & Physiology Study Guide

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