Question 1

Which of the following best describes the main function of simple squamous epithelium in the alveoli of the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Rapid diffusion of gases due to thin, flat cells

Question 2

A patient suffers a deep cut that damages the epidermis and underlying connective tissue. Which tissue type is primarily responsible for the rapid initial repair of the wound?

Accepted Answer

Connective tissue

Question 3

Which of the following statements about epithelial tissue is correct?

Accepted Answer

It is attached to underlying connective tissue by a basement membrane.

Question 4

A gland that releases its product by exocytosis without loss of cytoplasm is classified as which type of gland?

Accepted Answer

Merocrine

Question 5

Which connective tissue fiber type provides the greatest tensile strength, making it ideal for tendons and ligaments?

Accepted Answer

Collagen fibers

Question 6

A biopsy of a patient's trachea reveals a single layer of cells with varying nuclear positions and cilia on the apical surface. Which type of epithelium is this?

Accepted Answer

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Question 7

Which of the following best explains why cartilage heals poorly after injury?

Accepted Answer

It is avascular, so nutrients and waste must diffuse through the matrix.

Question 8

A patient with a genetic defect in elastin production would most likely have problems with which tissue property?

Accepted Answer

Ability to stretch and recoil

Question 9

Which of the following is a function of neuroglia in nervous tissue?

Accepted Answer

Provide physical support and maintain chemical composition

Question 10

A histological sample shows multiple layers of flat cells at the surface, with the deepest layers appearing cuboidal or columnar. This tissue is most likely:

Accepted Answer

Stratified squamous epithelium

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the difference between exocrine and endocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Exocrine glands secrete onto epithelial surfaces via ducts, while endocrine glands release hormones into the blood.

Question 12

Which type of membrane lines body cavities that open to the exterior and is kept moist by secretions?

Accepted Answer

Mucous membrane

Question 13

A patient presents with swelling, redness, heat, and pain after a minor injury. Which process is responsible for these symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Inflammation

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why bone is highly vascularized compared to cartilage?

Accepted Answer

Bone cells require more oxygen and nutrients for metabolism and repair.

Question 15

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between tissue repair rate ($$R$$), metabolic rate ($$M$$), and age ($$A$$), assuming repair rate decreases as age increases and as metabolism slows?

Accepted Answer

$$R = \frac{M}{A}$$

Question 16

A patient with osteoporosis is at increased risk for which of the following, based on changes in tissue structure with aging?

Accepted Answer

Increased bone brittleness and fracture risk

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the function of transitional epithelium in the urinary bladder?

Accepted Answer

Allows for repeated stretching and recoiling without damage

Question 18

Which of the following is a correct pairing of connective tissue type and its primary function?

Accepted Answer

Dense regular connective tissue: resists tension in one direction

Question 19

A patient with a severe burn loses the outer layer of skin. Which membrane has been damaged?

Accepted Answer

Cutaneous membrane

Question 20

Which of the following best explains why cardiac muscle tissue has limited ability to repair after injury?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac muscle cells have very limited ability to undergo mitosis.

Chapter 4: The Tissue Level of Organization – Essentials of Anatomy & Physiology

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