Question 1

Which of the following best explains why bones are considered organs?

Accepted Answer

Bones are made up of several different tissues working together, including osseous tissue, cartilage, epithelial tissue, adipose tissue, nervous tissue, and dense regular connective tissue.

Question 2

A patient suffers a fracture in the diaphysis of their femur. Which type of bone tissue makes up the bulk of this region?

Accepted Answer

Compact bone

Question 3

Which function of bone is most directly related to the body's ability to maintain calcium homeostasis?

Accepted Answer

Storage of minerals

Question 4

During adolescence, which process allows long bones to grow in length?

Accepted Answer

Growth of cartilage on the epiphyseal side of the epiphyseal plate and replacement by bone on the diaphyseal side

Question 5

Which cell type is responsible for bone resorption and the release of calcium into the bloodstream?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts

Question 6

A patient with osteoporosis is at increased risk for fractures because:

Accepted Answer

Bone resorption outpaces bone deposition, leading to loss of bone mass and increased brittleness.

Question 7

Which hormone increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity and decreasing calcium loss in urine?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

Question 8

Which vitamin is essential for the synthesis of collagen, a protein that provides tensile strength to bone?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C

Question 9

A 65-year-old woman presents with a hunched back and frequent fractures. Which factor most likely contributed to her condition?

Accepted Answer

Loss of bone mass due to decreased sex hormones after menopause

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the process of bone remodeling?

Accepted Answer

Osteoclasts remove bone ECM and osteoblasts add new bone ECM.

Question 11

Which equation correctly represents the most abundant mineral salt found in bone?

Accepted Answer

$$Ca_3$$($$PO_4)_2$

Question 12

A patient is diagnosed with a closed (simple) fracture. Which statement is true about this type of fracture?

Accepted Answer

The fracture is completely internal and can only be seen on X-rays.

Question 13

Which of the following is a real-world consequence of prolonged lack of weight-bearing exercise?

Accepted Answer

Bone resorption outpaces bone deposition, leading to weaker bones.

Question 14

Which structure in a long bone is responsible for producing blood cells in adults?

Accepted Answer

Red bone marrow in the epiphyses and certain flat bones

Question 15

Which hormone promotes bone formation and decreases blood calcium levels by inhibiting osteoclast activity?

Accepted Answer

Calcitonin

Question 16

Which of the following is a plausible consequence of removing collagen fibers from bone tissue?

Accepted Answer

Bones become very brittle and susceptible to fracture.

Question 17

Which process is most directly responsible for the repair of a bone fracture?

Accepted Answer

Osteoprogenitor cells divide and differentiate into osteoblasts, which synthesize new bone matrix.

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the role of vitamin D in bone health?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin D increases absorption of calcium from the gastrointestinal tract into the blood.

Question 19

A DEXA scan is used to diagnose osteoporosis by measuring:

Accepted Answer

Bone density (thickness and strength of bones) using dual x-ray beams.

Question 20

Which of the following lifestyle modifications is LEAST likely to help prevent osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

Increasing intake of carbonated beverages and refined sugars

Chapter 6: Bones and Bone Structure – Study Notes

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제

학습 가이드 - 플래시카드