$$PN_2 = 760$$ \times 0.78 = 592.8$$ mm Hg

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of lymph nodes in the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

They filter lymph and trap pathogens, initiating immune responses.

Question 2

A patient has a blockage in the right lymphatic duct. Which area of the body would most likely show signs of lymphatic fluid accumulation?

Accepted Answer

Right arm and right side of the head

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT considered an adaptive (specific) defense mechanism?

Accepted Answer

Inflammatory response

Question 4

Which cell type is primarily responsible for antibody-mediated (humoral) immunity?

Accepted Answer

B lymphocytes

Question 5

A patient is exposed to a novel virus. Which immune response is most likely to occur first?

Accepted Answer

Innate immune response involving neutrophils and macrophages

Question 6

Which of the following best describes the process of opsonization?

Accepted Answer

Coating of pathogens with antibodies to enhance phagocytosis

Question 7

Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating pH?

Accepted Answer

$$pH = -\log_{10}[H^+]$$

Question 8

A patient with AIDS is most likely to have a deficiency in which type of immune cell?

Accepted Answer

CD4+ T helper cells

Question 9

Which of the following statements about the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve is correct?

Accepted Answer

A rightward shift facilitates oxygen release to tissues.

Question 10

If the partial pressure of nitrogen in the atmosphere is 78%, and atmospheric pressure is 760 mm Hg, what is the partial pressure of nitrogen?

Accepted Answer

$$PN_2 = 760$$ 	imes 0.78 = 592.8$$ mm Hg

Question 11

Which of the following best describes the role of surfactant in the lungs?

Accepted Answer

It decreases surface tension, preventing alveolar collapse.

Question 12

Which of the following is a correct description of tidal volume?

Accepted Answer

The volume of air exchanged during normal, quiet breathing.

Question 13

Which of the following is a function of the pancreas in digestion?

Accepted Answer

Production of digestive enzymes and bicarbonate

Question 14

Which of the following best describes the process of emulsification in fat digestion?

Accepted Answer

Mixing fats with bile salts to increase surface area for enzyme action

Question 15

Which of the following is the correct equation for the conversion of CO$$_2 to $$bicarbonate in the blood?

Accepted Answer

$$CO_2 + H_2O$$ \rightarrow H_2CO_3 \rightarrow H^+ + $$HCO_3$$^-$$

Question 16

Which of the following is a correct statement about glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

It occurs in the cytoplasm and produces 2 ATP per glucose.

Question 17

Which of the following is the correct formula for ATP hydrolysis?

Accepted Answer

$$ATP + H_2O \rightarrow ADP + P_i + energy$$

Question 18

Which of the following is a function of bile salts in the digestive system?

Accepted Answer

They emulsify fats to aid in their digestion.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct description of the role of insulin?

Accepted Answer

It decreases blood glucose by promoting cellular uptake.

Question 20

Which of the following is the correct formula for the conversion of pyruvate to lactate during anaerobic metabolism?

Accepted Answer

$$Pyruvate + NADH \rightarrow Lactate + NAD^+$$

Comprehensive Study Guide: Anatomy & Physiology Review Questions (Chapters 19–23)

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