Question 1

Which of the following best describes the sequence of structures that sound waves pass through from the external ear to the initiation of a nervous impulse?

Accepted Answer

Tympanic membrane → malleolus → incus → stapes → oval window → perilymph → basilar membrane → hair cells

Question 2

A patient presents with hearing loss after repeated exposure to loud music. Which structure is most likely damaged, and what type of deafness does this represent?

Accepted Answer

Hair cells; sensorineural deafness

Question 3

Which of the following best explains why higher frequency sounds are detected closer to the oval window in the cochlea?

Accepted Answer

Higher frequency sounds have shorter wavelengths, causing them to shortcut through the cochlear duct near the oval window

Question 4

A person with a ruptured eardrum is most likely to experience which type of hearing loss, and why?

Accepted Answer

Conduction deafness, because sound transmission to the inner ear is impaired

Question 5

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of sensorineural deafness compared to conduction deafness?

Accepted Answer

Sensorineural deafness involves damage to the hair cells or auditory nerve, while conduction deafness involves impaired transmission of sound to the inner ear

Question 6

A patient complains of constant ringing in the ears after taking high doses of aspirin. What is the most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Tinnitus

Question 7

Which of the following best describes the function of the round window in the cochlea?

Accepted Answer

It acts as a pressure relief valve for vibrations that travel the length of the cochlea

Question 8

A patient with Menieres syndrome is most likely to experience which combination of symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Severe tinnitus, vertigo, nausea, and vomiting

Question 9

Which of the following is a plausible reason why fluid restriction and diuretics are used to treat Menieres syndrome?

Accepted Answer

To reduce the amount of endolymph in the inner ear

Question 10

If the ossicles (malleolus, incus, stapes) become fused together, which of the following best describes the resulting hearing impairment?

Accepted Answer

Conduction deafness due to impaired amplification and transmission of sound

Question 11

Which of the following best explains why very low frequency sounds are not heard by humans?

Accepted Answer

They travel the entire length of the cochlea and exit via the round window without stimulating the hair cells sufficiently

Question 12

A patient with hearing loss can still perceive some sounds when a tuning fork is placed against their skull, but not when it is held near the ear canal. What type of deafness does this suggest?

Accepted Answer

Conduction deafness

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the role of the basilar membrane in hearing?

Accepted Answer

It vibrates in response to sound frequencies, causing hair cells to bend and initiate nervous impulses

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a likely cause of conduction deafness?

Accepted Answer

Damage to the auditory nerve

Question 15

A patient with Menieres syndrome undergoes removal of the labyrinth. What is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

Loss of balance and hearing in the affected ear

Question 16

Which of the following best explains why the ossicles amplify sound vibrations?

Accepted Answer

They transmit vibrations from the larger tympanic membrane to the smaller oval window, increasing pressure

Question 17

Which of the following scenarios would most likely result in sensorineural deafness?

Accepted Answer

Prolonged exposure to loud machinery damaging the cilia of hair cells

Question 18

Which of the following best describes the shortcutting of vibrations through the cochlear duct?

Accepted Answer

Vibrations of certain frequencies shortcut through the cochlear duct, stimulating the basilar membrane at specific locations

Detection of Sound and Disorders of Hearing

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