Q: Which equation best represents the negative feedback regulation of blood glucose by insulin?

$$\Delta [Glucose] = [Glucose]_{initial} - [Insulin] \times k$$

Question 1

Which of the following is considered a primary endocrine organ?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid gland

Question 2

A patient presents with symptoms of excessive thirst and urination. Laboratory tests reveal low levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). Which gland is most likely malfunctioning?

Accepted Answer

Posterior pituitary gland

Question 3

Which hormone is secreted by alpha cells of the pancreas and increases blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

Glucagon

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the difference between endocrine and exocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream; exocrine glands secrete substances into ducts.

Question 5

Which hormone is hydrophobic and requires a transport protein to travel in the blood?

Accepted Answer

Cortisol

Question 6

A patient with Graves' disease is likely to have which of the following symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Weight loss, heat intolerance, and tachycardia

Question 7

Which of the following feedback loops correctly describes the body's response to low blood calcium levels?

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is released, increasing calcium reabsorption in kidneys and bone resorption.

Question 8

Which hormone is produced by the hypothalamus and stored in the posterior pituitary?

Accepted Answer

Oxytocin

Question 9

Which of the following is a tropic hormone?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Question 10

Which adrenal cortex hormone is classified as a mineralocorticoid?

Accepted Answer

Aldosterone

Question 11

Which equation best represents the negative feedback regulation of blood glucose by insulin?

Accepted Answer

$$\Delta [Glucose] = [Glucose]_{initial} - [Insulin] 	imes k$$

Question 12

Which of the following best describes up-regulation of hormone receptors?

Accepted Answer

Increase in the number of receptors in response to low hormone levels

Question 13

Which hormone is secreted by the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex?

Accepted Answer

Aldosterone

Question 14

Which of the following is true regarding water-soluble hormones?

Accepted Answer

They bind to cell surface receptors and activate second messenger systems.

Question 15

A patient with Addison disease is most likely to have which of the following laboratory findings?

Accepted Answer

Low cortisol and low aldosterone

Question 16

Which hormone is secreted by beta cells in the pancreas?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Question 17

Which of the following is regulated by positive feedback?

Accepted Answer

Oxytocin during childbirth

Question 18

Which hormone is secreted by the pineal gland and regulates circadian rhythms?

Accepted Answer

Melatonin

Question 19

Which of the following best describes the role of the hypothalamus in endocrine regulation?

Accepted Answer

It produces releasing and inhibiting hormones that control the anterior pituitary.

Question 20

Which hormone is secreted by the thyroid gland and lowers blood calcium levels?

Accepted Answer

Calcitonin

Endocrine System: Anatomy & Physiology Study Guide

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