Q: Calculate the volume of plasma in a person with a total blood volume of 5 liters. Use the formula $$\text{Plasma Volume} = \text{Total Blood Volume} \times \text{Plasma Percentage}$$, where plasma accounts for 55% of blood.

$$5 \times 0.55 = 2.75$$ liters

Q: If plasma accounts for 55% of blood and water makes up 90% of plasma, what percentage of total blood volume is water? Use the formula $$\text{Water Percentage} = \text{Plasma Percentage} \times \text{Water in Plasma}.$$

$$0.55 \times 0.90 = 0.495 = 49.5$$%

Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a primary function of blood in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Production of digestive enzymes for breaking down food in the stomach.

Question 2

Blood is classified as which type of tissue?

Accepted Answer

Connective tissue

Question 3

What is the normal pH range of blood, and how is this property described?

Accepted Answer

pH 7.35–7.45; slightly alkaline

Question 4

Which of the following best describes the three essential functions of blood?

Accepted Answer

Transport, regulation, protection

Question 5

If a patient loses a significant amount of blood, which function of blood is most immediately compromised?

Accepted Answer

Transport of oxygen and nutrients

Question 6

Which component of blood is responsible for carrying oxygen to tissues?

Accepted Answer

Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cells)

Question 7

Calculate the volume of plasma in a person with a total blood volume of 5 liters. Use the formula $$	ext{Plasma Volume} = 	ext{Total Blood Volume} 	imes 	ext{Plasma Percentage}$$, where plasma accounts for 55% of blood.

Accepted Answer

$$5 	imes 0.55 = 2.75$$ liters

Question 8

Which blood component is primarily responsible for immunity?

Accepted Answer

White blood cells (Buffy coat)

Question 9

A blood sample is centrifuged and separates into three layers. Which layer contains the majority of water, electrolytes, and proteins?

Accepted Answer

Plasma

Question 10

Which of the following statements about platelets is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

They function to prevent bleeding from open wounds.

Question 11

If plasma accounts for 55% of blood and water makes up 90% of plasma, what percentage of total blood volume is water? Use the formula $$	ext{Water Percentage} = 	ext{Plasma Percentage} 	imes 	ext{Water in Plasma}.$$

Accepted Answer

$$0.55 	imes 0.90 = 0.495 = 49.5$$%

Question 12

Which of the following is a formed element of blood?

Accepted Answer

Erythrocytes

Question 13

A patient has a hematocrit of 40%. What does this indicate?

Accepted Answer

40% of their blood volume is red blood cells.

Question 14

Which of the following best explains why blood is considered a specialized liquid connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

It contains cells suspended in a liquid matrix.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a component of the buffy coat?

Accepted Answer

Red blood cells

Question 16

A person with a total blood volume of 6 liters has a hematocrit of 50%. Calculate the volume of red blood cells. Use the formula $$	ext{RBC Volume} = 	ext{Total Blood Volume} 	imes 	ext{Hematocrit}.$$

Accepted Answer

$$6 	imes 0.50 = 3$$ liters

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of plasma proteins in blood?

Accepted Answer

They help maintain osmotic pressure and pH balance.

Question 18

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates the protective function of blood?

Accepted Answer

Forming a clot to prevent blood loss after a cut.

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct sequence for the separation of blood components after centrifugation (from top to bottom)?

Accepted Answer

Plasma, buffy coat, erythrocytes

Question 20

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the percentage composition of blood components?

Accepted Answer

Erythrocytes make up about 45% of blood volume.

Functions and Composition of Blood: Anatomy & Physiology Study Notes

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