Question 1

Which of the following best describes the difference between a compound and a mixture?

Accepted Answer

A compound is made of atoms of different elements chemically bonded, while a mixture contains two or more substances physically combined without chemical bonds.

Question 2

Which statement correctly applies the First Law of Thermodynamics to biological systems?

Accepted Answer

Energy can be converted from one form to another, but the total energy in a closed system remains constant.

Question 3

A student mixes salt and water to make a solution. Which term best describes the salt in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

Solute

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of potential energy in the human body?

Accepted Answer

Glucose molecules stored in the liver

Question 5

Given an atom with 11 protons, 12 neutrons, and 11 electrons, what is its atomic number and mass number?

Accepted Answer

Atomic number: 11, Mass number: 23

Question 6

Which formula correctly calculates molarity ($$M) $$given moles of solute ($$n) $$and volume of solution in liters ($$V$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$M = \frac{n}{V}$$

Question 7

A solution contains 0.5 moles of NaCl dissolved in 1 liter of water. What is the molarity of the solution?

Accepted Answer

$$0.5\,M$$

Question 8

Which of the following best describes a suspension?

Accepted Answer

A mixture of large particles that settle out over time

Question 9

If a molecule is electrically neutral, which of the following must be true?

Accepted Answer

The number of electrons equals the number of protons

Question 10

Which of the following is a correct example of a compound?

Accepted Answer

Water ($$H_2O)$$

Question 11

A patient is given a saline solution with a concentration of 0.9% NaCl. What does this percentage represent?

Accepted Answer

0.9 grams of NaCl per 100 mL of solution

Question 12

Which type of energy is associated with the movement of charged particles in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Electrical energy

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a property of a solid?

Accepted Answer

Indefinite shape

Question 14

A mixture of sand and water is best classified as:

Accepted Answer

A suspension

Question 15

Which of the following elements is most likely to have two electrons in its outer shell?

Accepted Answer

Beryllium ($$Be)$$

Question 16

Which statement best explains why mixtures can be separated by physical means?

Accepted Answer

Mixtures consist of substances that retain their individual properties.

Question 17

A solution is prepared by dissolving 10 grams of glucose ($$C_6H_{12}O_6$) in enough water to make 500 mL of solution. What is the concentration in g/L$?

Accepted Answer

$$20\,g/L$$

Question 18

Which of the following best describes radiant energy?

Accepted Answer

Energy that travels in waves, such as light

Question 19

Which of the following is true about elements?

Accepted Answer

Elements are composed of atoms with the same number of protons.

Question 20

A sample contains 2 moles of solute dissolved in 4 liters of solution. What is the molarity?

Accepted Answer

$$0.5\,M$$

Fundamental Concepts in Chemistry for Anatomy & Physiology

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