$$N_{glia} = 10 \times N_{neurons}$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the three main functions of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Sensory input, integration, and motor output

Question 2

A patient presents with facial droop and sensory loss on one side. Which cranial nerve is most likely involved?

Accepted Answer

Facial nerve (CN VII)

Question 3

Which division of the nervous system is responsible for voluntary control of skeletal muscles?

Accepted Answer

Somatic motor division

Question 4

Which type of neuron is most commonly found in sensory pathways and has a single process that divides into central and peripheral branches?

Accepted Answer

Unipolar (pseudounipolar) neuron

Question 5

Astrocytes in the CNS perform all of the following functions EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Form myelin sheaths around axons

Question 6

Which glial cell type is responsible for forming myelin sheaths in the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?

Accepted Answer

Schwann cells

Question 7

A reflex arc consists of several components. Which is the correct order of events in a simple reflex arc?

Accepted Answer

Receptor → Sensory neuron → Integration center → Motor neuron → Effector

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why you withdraw your hand from a hot stove before you consciously feel pain?

Accepted Answer

A reflex arc in the spinal cord mediates the response before conscious perception

Question 9

Which of the following equations correctly represents the relationship between the number of neurons and neuroglial cells in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

$$N_{glia} = 10 	imes N_{neurons}$$

Question 10

Which of the following is a characteristic unique to neurons compared to neuroglial cells?

Accepted Answer

Transmit electrical impulses

Question 11

Which structural classification of neurons is most common in the CNS and typically functions as interneurons?

Accepted Answer

Multipolar neurons

Question 12

A patient with multiple sclerosis shows a focal area of CNS demyelination. Which cell type is most likely affected?

Accepted Answer

Oligodendrocytes

Question 13

Which of the following best describes the function of chromatophilic bodies (Nissl bodies) in neurons?

Accepted Answer

Renew membranes of the neuron

Question 14

Which of the following is TRUE regarding the axon of a neuron?

Accepted Answer

It transmits impulses away from the cell body

Question 15

Which type of synapse is most common in the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

Axodendritic synapse

Question 16

Which of the following best describes the difference between gray matter and white matter in the CNS?

Accepted Answer

Gray matter contains cell bodies; white matter contains myelinated axons

Question 17

Which of the following best describes a monosynaptic reflex?

Accepted Answer

It involves only one synapse and is the fastest type of reflex

Question 18

Which neuronal circuit type allows one presynaptic neuron to influence several postsynaptic neurons?

Accepted Answer

Diverging circuit

Question 19

Which of the following is a real-world example of a polysynaptic reflex?

Accepted Answer

Withdrawal of hand from a painful stimulus

Question 20

Which equation best represents the conduction velocity ($$v) of a $$myelinated axon as a function of axon diameter ($$d$$)?

Accepted Answer

$$v \propto d$$

Fundamentals of the Nervous System and Nervous Tissue - Chapter 12

스터디 가이드 - 연습 문제