$$\text{Organic Portion} = 35\%$$, $$\text{Inorganic Portion} = 65\%$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in tissues?

Accepted Answer

It provides strength to resist tensile and compressive forces, regulates cell placement, and influences cell development.

Question 2

A patient presents with tall stature, long limbs, and dilation of the aorta. Which ECM component is most likely defective in this individual?

Accepted Answer

Fibrillin-1 glycoprotein

Question 3

Which type of epithelial tissue is best suited for rapid diffusion and is found lining blood vessels and air sacs of the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Simple squamous epithelium

Question 4

Which cell junction type is most important for preventing the passage of macromolecules between adjacent epithelial cells?

Accepted Answer

Tight (occluding) junctions

Question 5

Which connective tissue cell type is primarily responsible for producing protein fibers and ground substance in the ECM?

Accepted Answer

Fibroblasts

Question 6

Which of the following equations correctly represents the percentage of organic and inorganic portions of bone ECM?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Organic Portion} = 35\%$$, $$	ext{Inorganic Portion} = 65\%$$

Question 7

Which type of connective tissue is most likely to be found supporting blood vessels and underlying epithelial layers?

Accepted Answer

Loose (areolar) connective tissue

Question 8

A gland that releases its product by exocytosis without damaging the cell is classified as:

Accepted Answer

Merocrine

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why cartilage often heals by fibrosis rather than regeneration?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage is avascular and lacks sufficient blood supply for regeneration.

Question 10

Which muscle tissue type is characterized by striations and voluntary control?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle

Question 11

Which of the following is a function of reticular fibers in connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Form scaffolds that support cells and trap foreign substances

Question 12

Which of the following best describes the process of transcellular transport across simple epithelia?

Accepted Answer

Substances enter through the phospholipid bilayer, diffuse through the cytosol, and exit through the opposite surface.

Question 13

Which tissue type is most likely to undergo regeneration after injury due to the presence of stem cells?

Accepted Answer

Epithelial tissue

Question 14

Which membrane type lines body cavities that do not open to the outside and consists of mesothelium and loose connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Serous membrane

Question 15

Which of the following is a correct sequence for the layers of a mucous membrane?

Accepted Answer

Epithelium, basement membrane, lamina propria, smooth muscle

Question 16

Which of the following cell types is responsible for phagocytizing foreign substances and dead cells in connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Macrophages

Question 17

Which of the following is a plausible consequence of vitamin C deficiency in tissue repair?

Accepted Answer

Impaired collagen synthesis leading to poor wound healing

Question 18

Which of the following best explains why exercise can increase bone density?

Accepted Answer

Exercise increases tension on bone, stimulating osteoblast activity and bone deposition.

Question 19

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of pseudostratified columnar epithelium?

Accepted Answer

Single layer of cells with nuclei at different heights, often containing goblet cells

Question 20

Which of the following is the main transport medium in the body and is classified as a connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Blood

Histology: Introduction to Tissues and the Extracellular Matrix

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