Q: Which of the following equations best represents the proportion of organic and inorganic components in bone ECM?

$$\text{Organic Portion} = 35\%$$, $$\text{Inorganic Portion} = 65\%$$

Question 1

Which of the following best describes the function of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in the extracellular matrix (ECM)?

Accepted Answer

They attract positively charged ions, drawing water into the ECM and increasing its resistance to compression.

Question 2

A patient presents with tall stature, long limbs, and dilation of the aorta. Which ECM component is most likely defective in this individual?

Accepted Answer

Fibrillin-1 glycoprotein

Question 3

Which type of cell junction allows small substances to pass freely between adjacent cells?

Accepted Answer

Gap junctions

Question 4

Which epithelial tissue type is best suited for rapid diffusion and is found lining blood vessels and air sacs of the lungs?

Accepted Answer

Simple squamous epithelium

Question 5

Which of the following is a correct sequence for transcellular transport across a simple epithelium?

Accepted Answer

Substance enters through the apical membrane, diffuses through the cytosol, and exits through the basal membrane.

Question 6

Which type of gland releases its product by exocytosis without damaging the secretory cell?

Accepted Answer

Merocrine gland

Question 7

Which connective tissue type is most likely to be found deep to the epithelium of the skin and supports blood vessels?

Accepted Answer

Loose (areolar) connective tissue

Question 8

A histological section shows cells with multiple lipid inclusions, abundant mitochondria, and a rich blood supply. What is the main function of this tissue?

Accepted Answer

Heat production

Question 9

Which of the following best explains why cardiac muscle tissue generally heals by fibrosis rather than regeneration?

Accepted Answer

Cardiac muscle cells are amitotic and cannot undergo mitosis.

Question 10

Which membrane type lines body cavities that do not open to the outside and consists of mesothelium and loose connective tissue?

Accepted Answer

Serous membrane

Question 11

Which cell type in connective tissue proper is responsible for producing protein fibers and ground substance?

Accepted Answer

Fibroblasts

Question 12

A tissue sample from the trachea contains ciliated cells and goblet cells. Which epithelial type is most likely present?

Accepted Answer

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium

Question 13

Which of the following equations best represents the proportion of organic and inorganic components in bone ECM?

Accepted Answer

$$	ext{Organic Portion} = 35\%$$, $$	ext{Inorganic Portion} = 65\%$$

Question 14

Which connective tissue type is most likely to heal by fibrosis rather than regeneration?

Accepted Answer

Cartilage

Question 15

Which of the following is a function of reticular tissue in organs such as lymph nodes and the spleen?

Accepted Answer

Forms fine, mesh-like networks that support cells and trap foreign substances

Question 16

Which muscle tissue type is characterized by striations and voluntary control?

Accepted Answer

Skeletal muscle

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the role of satellite cells in skeletal muscle tissue repair?

Accepted Answer

They divide and become skeletal muscle cells, providing limited regeneration.

Question 18

Which of the following is a major function of the basement membrane in epithelial tissues?

Accepted Answer

It anchors the epithelial tissue to underlying connective tissue.

Question 19

Which of the following is most likely to occur in tissues with poor blood supply after injury?

Accepted Answer

Nonhealing wounds due to inadequate nutrient and oxygen delivery

Question 20

Which of the following cell types in nervous tissue is capable of mitosis and supports neurons?

Accepted Answer

Neuroglial cells

Histology: Structure and Function of Tissues

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