Question 1

Which of the following hormones requires a transporter protein to circulate in the bloodstream due to its lipid-soluble nature?

Accepted Answer

Thyroid hormone

Question 2

A patient is diagnosed with a deficiency in transporter proteins for lipid-soluble hormones. Which hormone's delivery to target tissues would be most directly affected?

Accepted Answer

Nitric oxide (NO)

Question 3

Which of the following best describes the difference between water-soluble and lipid-soluble hormones in terms of their transport in blood?

Accepted Answer

Lipid-soluble hormones require transporter proteins, while water-soluble hormones circulate freely.

Question 4

Which hormone is classified as a water-soluble amine?

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine

Question 5

A researcher is studying a hormone that is a peptide and circulates in the blood without a transporter protein. Which of the following is most likely the hormone being studied?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of steroid hormones?

Accepted Answer

They are synthesized from amino acids.

Question 7

A patient is exposed to a toxin that prevents the synthesis of transporter proteins in the liver. Which hormone would most likely show decreased plasma levels as a result?

Accepted Answer

Cortisol

Question 8

Which of the following best explains why peptide hormones cannot cross the plasma membrane of target cells?

Accepted Answer

They are water-soluble and cannot pass through the lipid bilayer.

Question 9

Which hormone is both lipid-soluble and a gas, allowing it to diffuse directly through cell membranes?

Accepted Answer

Nitric oxide (NO)

Question 10

A physician is treating a patient with a hormone that is classified as a glycoprotein. Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding this hormone?

Accepted Answer

It is water-soluble and circulates in free form.

Question 11

Which of the following equations best represents the relationship between the concentration of a lipid-soluble hormone ($$[H]$$), the concentration of its transporter protein ($$[T]$$), and the concentration of the hormone-transporter complex ($$[HT]) at $$equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

$$[HT] = k \cdot [H][T]$$

Question 12

A patient is given a synthetic hormone that is water-soluble. Which of the following is the most likely mechanism for this hormone's action on its target cell?

Accepted Answer

It binds to a cell surface receptor and activates a second messenger system.

Question 13

Which of the following is a correct pairing of hormone type and its solubility?

Accepted Answer

Peptide — water-soluble

Question 14

A patient with a genetic mutation affecting the synthesis of peptide hormones would most likely have deficiencies in which of the following hormones?

Accepted Answer

Insulin

Question 15

Which of the following statements best explains why thyroid hormones, despite being derived from amino acids, are classified as lipid-soluble?

Accepted Answer

They contain iodine, which increases their lipid solubility.

Question 16

A laboratory test shows that a hormone is circulating in the blood in a 'free' form and is rapidly degraded by enzymes. Which class does this hormone most likely belong to?

Accepted Answer

Peptide

Question 17

Which of the following best describes the chemical nature of hormones that are classified as glycoproteins?

Accepted Answer

They are composed of amino acids and carbohydrates.

Question 18

A patient is found to have abnormally high levels of a hormone that is both lipid-soluble and derived from cholesterol. Which hormone is most likely elevated?

Accepted Answer

Cortisol

Question 19

Which of the following is a correct statement regarding the transport of amine hormones?

Accepted Answer

Some amine hormones are water-soluble and circulate freely, while others are lipid-soluble and require transporter proteins.

Question 20

A new drug is designed to block the action of water-soluble hormones at their target cells. Which of the following would be the most likely effect of this drug?

Accepted Answer

It would inhibit the activation of second messenger systems.

Hormone Classification Based on Chemistry

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